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| Instrument | Article / Description | Target | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Escazú Agreement Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean |
11.3.c
sharing experiences of voluntary codes of conduct, guidelines, good practices and standards; |
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
11.3.d
committees, councils and forums of multisectoral development stakeholders to address cooperation priorities and activities. |
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
11.3
For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as: |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
11.3.a
discussions, workshops, expert exchanges, technical assistance, education and observatories; |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
11.3.b
developing, sharing and implementing educational, training and awareness-raising materials and programmes; |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
13
Each Party, to the extent of its ability and in accordance with its national priorities, commits to provide the resources for national activities that are needed to fulfil the obligations derived from the present Agreement. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
ADRDM American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man |
XI
Every person has the right to the preservation of his health through sanitary and social measures relating to food, clothing, housing and medical care, to the extent permitted by public and community resources |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries. He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author. |
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
|
|
XIV
Every person has the right to work, under proper conditions, and to follow his vocation freely, insofar as existing conditions of employment permit. Every person who works has the right to receive such remuneration as will, in proportion to his capacity and skill, assure him a standard of living suitable for himself and for his family. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
ACHR American Convention on Human Rights |
26
The States Parties undertake to adopt measures, both internally and through international cooperation, especially those of an economic and technical nature, with a view to achieving progressively, by legislation or other appropriate means, the full realization of the rights implicit in the economic, social, educational, scientific, and cultural standards set forth in the Charter of the Organization of American States as amended by the Protocol of Buenos Aires. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
Protocol of San Salvador Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador) |
7.g
A reasonable limitation of working hours, both daily and weekly. The days shall be shorter in the case of dangerous or unhealthy work or of night work; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
7.h
Rest, leisure and paid vacations as well as remuneration for national holidays. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
7.a
Remuneration which guarantees, as a minimum, to all workers dignified and decent living conditions for them and their families and fair and equal wages for equal work, without distinction; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
7.b
The right of every worker to follow his vocation and to devote himself to the activity that best fulfills his expectations and to change employment in accordance with the pertinent national regulations; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
7.f
The prohibition of night work or unhealthy or dangerous working conditions and, in general, of all work which jeopardizes health, safety, or morals, for persons under 18 years of age. As regards minors under the age of 16, the work day shall be subordinated to the provisions regarding compulsory education and in no case shall work constitute an impediment to school attendance or a limitation on benefiting from education received; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
11.1
Everyone shall have the right to live in a healthy environment and to have access to basic public services. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
11.2
The States Parties shall promote the protection, preservation, and improvement of the environment. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
12.1
Everyone has the right to adequate nutrition which guarantees the possibility of enjoying the highest level of physical, emotional and intellectual development. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
12.2
In order to promote the exercise of this right and eradicate malnutrition, the States Parties undertake to improve methods of production, supply and distribution of food, and to this end, agree to promote greater international cooperation in support of the relevant national policies. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
14.1
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize the right of everyone: |
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
|
|
14.1.b
To enjoy the benefits of scientific and technological progress; |
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
|
|
14.4
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize the benefits to be derived from the encouragement and development of international cooperation and relations in the fields of science, arts and culture, and accordingly agree to foster greater international cooperation in these fields. |
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
|
|
ACHPR African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights |
15
Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
16.1
Every individual shall have the right to enjoy the best attainable state of physical and mental health. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
16.2
States parties to the present Charter shall take the necessary measures to protect the health of their people and to ensure that they receive medical attention when they are sick. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
21.1
All peoples shall freely dispose of their wealth and natural resources. This right shall be exercised in the exclusive interest of the people. In no case shall a people be deprived of it. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
21.3
The free disposal of wealth and natural resources shall be exercised without prejudice to the obligation of promoting international economic cooperation based on mutual respect, equitable exchangeand the principles of international law. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
22.1
All peoples shall have the right to their economic, social and cultural development with due regard to their freedom and identity and in the equal enjoyment of the common heritage of mankind. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
22.2
States shall have the duty, individually or collectively, to ensure the exercise of the right to development. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
24
All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
ACRWC African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child |
15.1
Every child shall be protected from all forms of economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s physical, mental, spiritual, moral, or social development. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
15.2
State Parties to the present Charter take all appropriate legislative and administrative measures to ensure the full implementation of this Article which covers both the formal and informal sectors of employment and having regard to the relevant provisions of the International Labour Organization’s instruments relating to children.
State Parties shall in particular: |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
Maputo Protocol Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa |
13
States Parties shall adopt and enforce legislative and other measures to guarantee women equal opportunities in work and career advancement and other economic opportunities. In this respect, they shall: |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
13.a
promote equality of access to employment; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
13.c
ensure transparency in recruitment, promotion and dismissal of women and combat and punish sexual
harassment in the workplace; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
13.e
create conditions to promote and support the occupations and economic activities of women, in particular, within the informal sector; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
15.a
provide women with access to clean drinking water, sources of domestic fuel, land, and the means of producing nutritious food; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
18.1
Women shall have the right to live in a healthy and sustainable environment. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
18.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to: |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
||
|
18.2.a
ensure greater participation of women in the planning, management and preservation of the environment and the sustainable use of natural resources at all levels; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
18.2.b
promote research and investment in new and renewable energy sources and appropriate technologies, including information technologies and facilitate women's access to, and participation in their control; |
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
|
|
19
Women shall have the right to fully enjoy their right to sustainable development. In this connection, the States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to: |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
19.c
promote women’s access to and control over productive resources such as land and guarantee their right to property; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
19.d
promote women’s access to credit, training, skills development and extension services at rural and urban levels in order to provide women with a higher quality of life and reduce the level of poverty among women; |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
3
In their actions to achieve the objective of the Convention and to implement its provisions, the Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the following: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
3.1
The Parties should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generations of humankind, on the basis of equity and in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Accordingly, the developed country Parties should take the lead in combating climate change and the adverse effects thereof. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
3.2
The specific needs and special circumstances of developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, and of those Parties, especially developing country Parties, that would have to bear a disproportionate or abnormal burden under the Convention, should be given full consideration. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
3.3
The Parties should take precautionary measures to anticipate, prevent or minimize the causes of climate change and mitigate its adverse effects. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing such measures, taking into account that policies and measures to deal with climate change should be cost-effective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost. To achieve this, such policies and measures should take into account different socio-economic contexts, be comprehensive, cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases and adaptation, and comprise all economic sectors. Efforts to address climate change may be carried out cooperatively by interested Parties. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
3.4
The Parties have a right to, and should, promote sustainable development. Policies and measures to protect the climate system against human-induced change should be appropriate for the specific conditions of each Party and should be integrated with national development programmes, taking into account that economic development is essential for adopting measures to address climate change. |
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
|
|
4.1
All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, shall: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
4.1.d
Promote sustainable management, and promote and cooperate in the conservation and enhancement, as appropriate, of sinks and reservoirs of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, including biomass, forests and oceans as well as other terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
4.2.a
Each of these Parties shall adopt national policies and take corresponding measures on the mitigation of climate change, by limiting its anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and protecting and enhancing its greenhouse gas sinks and reservoirs. These policies and measures will demonstrate that developed countries are taking the lead in modifying longer-term trends in anthropogenic emissions consistent with the objective of the Convention, recognizing that the return by the end of the present decade to earlier levels of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol would contribute to such modification, and taking into account the differences in these Parties' starting
points and approaches, economic structures and resource bases, the need to maintain strong and sustainable economic growth, available technologies and other individual circumstances, as well as the need for equitable and appropriate contributions by each of these Parties to the global effort regarding that objective. These Parties may implement such policies and measures jointly with other Parties and may assist other Parties in contributing to the achievement of the objective of the Convention and, in particular, that of this subparagraph; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
4.2
The developed country Parties and other Parties included in Annex I commit themselves specifically as provided for in the following: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity |
3
States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies, and the
responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
6
Each Contracting Party shall, in accordance with its particular conditions and capabilities: |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
6.a
Develop national strategies, plans or programmes for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity or adapt for this purpose existing strategies, plans or programmes which shall reflect, inter alia, the measures set out in this Convention relevant to the Contracting Party concerned; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
6.b
Integrate, as far as possible and as appropriate, the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity into relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
7
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, in particular for the purposes of Articles 8 to 10: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
7.a
Identify components of biological diversity important for its conservation and sustainable use having regard to the indicative list of categories set down in Annex I; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
7.b
Monitor, through sampling and other techniques, the components of biological diversity identified pursuant to subparagraph (a) above, paying particular attention to those requiring urgent conservation measures and those which offer the greatest potential for sustainable use; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
7.c
Identify processes and categories of activities which have or are likely to have significant adverse impacts on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, and monitor their effects through sampling and other techniques; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
7.d
Maintain and organize, by any mechanism data, derived from identification and monitoring activities pursuant to subparagraphs (a), (b) and (c) above. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
8.g
Establish or maintain means to regulate, manage or control the risks associated with the use and release of living modified organisms resulting from biotechnology which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account the risks to human health; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
8.a
Establish a system of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.h
Prevent the introduction of, control or eradicate those alien species which threaten ecosystems, habitats or species; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.j
Subject to its national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
8.b
Develop, where necessary, guidelines for the selection, establishment and management of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.i
Endeavour to provide the conditions needed for compatibility between present uses and the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
8.c
Regulate or manage biological resources important for the conservation of biological diversity whether within or outside protected areas, with a view to ensuring their conservation and sustainable use; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.k
Develop or maintain necessary legislation and/or other regulatory provisions for the protection of threatened species and populations |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.d
Promote the protection of ecosystems, natural habitats and the maintenance of viable populations of species in natural surroundings; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.l
Where a significant adverse effect on biological diversity has been determined pursuant to Article 7, regulate or manage the relevant processes and categories of activities |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
14.6 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. |
14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing |
||
|
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
||
|
8.e
Promote environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas adjacent to protected areas with a view to furthering protection of these areas; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.m
Cooperate in providing financial and other support for in-situ conservation outlined in subparagraphs (a) to (1) above, particularly to developing countries |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
8.f
Rehabilitate and restore degraded ecosystems and promote the recovery of threatened species, inter alia, through the development and implementation of plans or other management strategies; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
||
|
9.a
Adopt measures for the ex-si tu conservation of components of biological diversity, preferably in tne country of origin of such components |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
9.b
Establish and maintain facilities for ex-situ conservation of and research on plants, animals and micro-organisms, preferably in the country of origin of genetic resources; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
9.c
Adopt measures for the recovery and rehabilitation of threatened species and for their reintroduction into their natural habitats under appropriate conditions; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
9.d
Regulate and manage collection of biological resources from natural habitats for ex-situ conservation purposes so as not to threaten ecosystems and in-situ populations of species, except where special temporary ex-si tu measures are required under subparagraph (c) above; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
9.e
Cooperate in providing financial and other support for ex-situ conservation outlined in subparagraphs (a) to (d) above and in the establishment and maintenance of ex-situ conservation facilities in developing countries. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
9
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, and predominantly for the purpose of complementing in-situ measures: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
10.c
Protect and encourage customary use of biological resources in accordance with traditional cultural practices that are compatible with conservation or sustainable use requirements; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
10.d
Support local populations to develop and implement remedial action in degraded areas where biological diversity has been reduced; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
10.e
Encourage cooperation between its governmental authorities and its private sector in developing methods for sustainable use of biological resources. |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
10
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate: |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
||
|
10.a
Integrate consideration of the conservation and sustainable use of biological resources into national decision-making; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
10.b
Adopt measures relating to the use of biological resources to avoid or minimize adverse impacts on biological diversity; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
||
|
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
||
|
11
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, adopt economically and socially sound measures that act as incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of components of biological diversity. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
12.b
Promote and encourage research which contributes to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, particularly in developing countries, inter alia, in accordance with decisions of the Conference of the Parties taken in consequence of recommendations of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice; |
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
|
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
12.c
In keeping with the provisions of Articles 16. 13 and 20. promote and cooperate in the use of scientific advances in biological diversity research in developing methods for conservation and sustainable use of biological resources; |
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
|
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
12.a
Establish and maintain programmes for scientific and technical education and training in measures for the identification, conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and its components and provide support for such education and training for the specific needs of developing countries; |
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
|
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
12
The Contracting Parties, taking into account the special needs of developing countries, shall: |
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
|
|
14.1.e
Promote national arrangements for emergency responses to activities or events, whether caused naturally or otherwise, which present a grave and imminent danger to biological diversity and encourage international cooperation to supplement such national efforts and, where appropriate and agreed by the States or regional economic Integration organizations concerned, to establish joint contingency plans; |
14.1 (14. Life below water)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. |
14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density |
|
|
14.1.a
Introduce appropriate procedures requiring environmental impact assessment of its proposed projects that are likeiy to have significant adverse effects on biological diversity with a view to avoiding or minimizing such effects and, where appropriate. allow for public participation in such procedures; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.1.b
Introduce appropriate arrangements to ensure that the environmental consequences of its programmes and policies that are likely to have significant adverse impacts on biological diversity are duly taken into account; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.1.c
Promote, on the basis of reciprocity, notification, exchange of information and consultation on activities under their jurisdiction or control which are likely to significantly affect adversely the biological diversity of other States or areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, by encouraging the conclusion of bilateral, regional or multilateral arrangements, as appropriate; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.1.d
In the case of imminent or grave danger or damage, originating under its jurisdiction or control, to biological diversity within the area under jurisdiction of other States or in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, notify immediately the potentially affected States of such danger or damage, as well as initiate action to prevent or minimize such danger or damage; |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.1
Each Contracting Party, as far as possible and as appropriate, shall: |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.2
The Conference of the Parties shall examine, on the basis of studies to be carried out, the issue of liability and redress, including restoration and compensation, for damage to biological diversity, except where such liability is a purely internal matter. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
17.1
The Contracting Parties shall facilitate the exchange of information, from all publicly available sources, relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking into account the special needs of developing countries. |
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
|
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
17.2
Such exchange of information shall include exchange of results of technical, scientific and socio-economic research, as well as information on training and surveying programmes, specialized knowledge, indigenous and traditional knowledge as such and in combination with the technologies referred to in Article 16, paragraph 1. It shall also, where feasible, include repatriation of information . |
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
|
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
18.1
The Contracting Parties shall promote international technical and scientific cooperation in the field of conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, where necessary, through the appropriate international and national institutions. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
18.2
Each Contracting Party shall promote technical and scientific cooperation with other Contracting Parties, in particular developing countries, in implementing this Convention, inter alia, through the development and implementation of national policies. In promoting such cooperation, special attention should be given to the development and strengthening of national capabilities, by means of human resources development and institution building. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
18.3
The Conference of the Parties, at its first meeting, shall determine how to establish a clearing-house mechanism to promote and facilitate technical and scientific cooperation. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
18.4
The Contracting Parties shall, in accordance with national legislation and policies, encourage and develop methods of cooperation for the development and use of technologies, including indigenous and
traditional technologies, in pursuance of the objectives of this Convention. For this purpose, the Contracting Parties shall also promote cooperation in the training of personnel and exchange of experts. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
18.5
The Contracting Parties shall, subject to mutual agreement, promote the establishment of joint researcn programmes and joint ventures for the development of technologies relevant to the objectives of this Convention. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
|
|
14.3 (14. Life below water)
Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels. |
14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations |
||
|
14.a (14. Life below water)
Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries. |
14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology |
||
|
20.5
The Parties shall take full account of the specific needs and special situation of least developed countries in their actions with regard to funding and transfer of technology. |
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
|
|
20.6
The Contracting Parties shall also take into consideration the special conditions resulting from the dependence on, distribution and location of biological diversity within developing country Parties, in particular small island States. |
14.7 (14. Life below water)
By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. |
14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries |
|
|
UNCCD UN Convention to Combat Desertification |
2.1
The objective of this Convention is to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought in countries experiencing serious drought and/or desertification, particularly in Africa, through effective action at all levels, supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements, in the framework of an integrated approach which is consistent with Agenda 21, with a view to contributing to the achievement of sustainable development in affected areas. |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
2.2
Achieving this objective will involve long-term integrated strategies that focus simultaneously, in affected areas, on improved productivity of land, and the rehabilitation, conservation and sustainable management of land and water resources, leading to improved living conditions, in particular at the community level. |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
3.c
the Parties should develop, in a spirit of partnership, cooperation among all levels of government, communities, non-governmental organizations and landholders to establish a better understanding of the nature and value of land and scarce water resources in affected areas and to work towards their sustainable use; |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
3
In order to achieve the objective of this Convention and to implement its provisions, the Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the following: |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
4.2
In pursuing the objective of this Convention, the Parties shall: |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
4.2.d
promote cooperation among affected country Parties in the fields of environmental protection and the conservation of land and water resources, as they relate to desertification and drought; |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
|
|
10.4
Taking into account the circumstances and requirements specific to each affected country Party, national action programmes include, as appropriate, inter alia, measures in some or all of the following priority fields as they relate to combating desertification and mitigating the effects of drought in affected areas and to their populations: promotion of alternative livelihoods and improvement of national economic environments with a view to strengthening programmes aimed at the eradication of poverty and at ensuring food security; demographic dynamics; sustainable management of natural resources; sustainable agricultural practices; development and efficient use of various energy sources; institutional and legal frameworks; strengthening of capabilities for assessment and systematic observation, including hydrological and meteorological services, and capacity building, education and public awareness. |
14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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Ramsar convention Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat |
3.1
The Contracting Parties shall formulate and implement their planning so as to promote the conservation of the wetlands included in the List, and as far as possible the wise use of wetlands in their territory. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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4.1
Each Contracting Party shall promote the conservation of wetlands and waterfowl by establishing nature reserves on wetlands, whether they are included in the List or not, and provide adequately for their wardening. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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4.2
Where a Contracting Party in its urgent national interest, deletes or restricts the boundaries of a wetland included in the List, it should as far as possible compensate for any loss of wetland resources, and in particular it should create additional nature reserves for waterfowl and for the protection, either in the same area or elsewhere, of an adequate portion of the original habitat. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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4.3
The Contracting Parties shall encourage research and the exchange of data and publications regarding wetlands and their flora and fauna. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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4.4
The Contracting Parties shall endeavour through management to increase waterfowl populations on appropriate wetlands. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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4.5
The Contracting Parties shall promote the training of personnel competent in the fields of wetland research, management and wardening. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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UNCLOS UN Convention on the Law of the Sea |
The entire convention is relevant
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea is relevant to this Target in its entirety. |
14.c (14. Life below water)
Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want” |
14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources |
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61.1
The coastal State shall determine the allowable catch of the living resources in its exclusive economic zone. |
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
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14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
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61.2
The coastal State, taking into account the best scientific evidence available to it, shall ensure through proper conservation and management measures that the maintenance of the living resources in the exclusive economic zone is not endangered by over-exploitation. As appropriate, the coastal State and competent international organizations, whether subregional, regional or global, shall cooperate to this end. |
14.2 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. |
14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas |
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14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
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14.5 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. |
14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas |
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14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
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61.3
Such measures shall also be designed to maintain or restore populations of harvested species at levels which can produce the maximum sustainable yield, as qualified by relevant environmental and economic
factors, including the economic needs of coastal fishing communities and the special requirements of developing States, and taking into account fishing patterns, the interdependence of stocks and any generally recommended international minimum standards, whether subregional, regional or global. |
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
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14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
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61.4
In taking such measures the coastal State shall take into consideration the effects on species associated with or dependent upon harvested species with a view to maintaining or restoring populations of such associated or dependent species above levels at which their reproduction may become seriously threatened. |
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
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14.b (14. Life below water)
Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets. |
14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries |
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61.5
Available scientific information, catch and fishing effort statistics, and other data relevant to the conservation of fish stocks shall be contributed and exchanged on a regular basis through competent international organizations, whether subregional, regional or global, where appropriate and with participation by all States concerned, including States whose nationals are allowed to fish in the exclusive economic zone. |
14.4 (14. Life below water)
By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. |
14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |