Click on goal, target or instrument to expand details.
Use switch to change which column to be first.
Show first:
Targets
instruments
目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

创建和平、包容的社会以促进可持续发展，让所有人都能诉诸司法，在各级建立有效、负责和包容的机构

 16.1

在全球大幅减少一切形式的暴力和相关的死亡率。

Indicators
16.1.1
每10万人中故意杀人案的受害者人数(按年龄组和性别分列)
16.1.3
过去12个月内遭受(a) 身体暴力(b) 心理暴力和(c) 性暴力的人口所占的比例
16.1.2
每10万人中与冲突有关的死亡人数，按性别、年龄和死因分列
16.1.4
在居住区单独步行感到安全的人口比例
 UNDHRD
人权维护者宣言
12.2
国家应采取一切必要措施确保主管当局保护每一个人,无论单独地或与他人一起, 不因其合法行使本宣言中所指权利而遭受任何暴力 威胁 报复 事实上或法律上的恶意 歧视 压力或任何其他任意行为的侵犯
UDHR
世界人权宣言
3
人人有权享有生命、自由和人身安全。
5
任何人不得加以酷刑，或施以残忍的、不人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罚。
ICCPR
公民权利和政治权利国际公约
6.1
人人有固有的生命权。这个权利应受法律保护。不得任意剥夺任何人的生命。
7
任何人均不得加以酷刑或施以残忍的、不人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罚。特别是对任何人均不得未经其自由同意而施以医药或科学试验。
9.1
人人有权享有人身自由和安全。任何人不得加以任意逮捕或拘禁。除非依照法律所确定的根据和程序，任何人不得被剥夺自由。
ICERD
消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.b
人身安全及国家保护的权利以防强暴或身体上的伤害，不问其为政府官员所加抑为任何私人、团体或机关所加。
CRC
儿童权利公约
6.1
缔约国确认每个儿童均有固有的生命权。
6.2
缔约国应最大限度地确保儿童的存活与发展。
19.1
缔约国应采取一切适当的立法、行政、社会和教育措施，保护儿童在受父母；法定监护人或其他任何负责照管儿童的人的照料时，不致受到任何形式的身心摧残、伤害或凌辱，忽视或照料不周，虐待或剥削，包括性侵犯。
19.2
这类保护性措施应酌情包括采取有效程序以建立社会方案，向儿童和负贵照管儿童的人提供必要的支助，采取其他预防形式，查明、报告、查询、调查、处理和追究前述的虐待儿童事件，以及在适当时进行司法干预。
38.2
缔约国应采取一切可行措施确保未满15岁的人不直接参加 敌对行动。
38.3
缔约国应避免招募任何未满15岁的人加入武装部队。在招募巳满15岁但未满18岁的人时，缔约国应致力首先考虑年龄最大者。
CRPD
残疾人权利公约
10
缔约国重申人人享有固有的生命权，并应当采取一切必要措施，确保残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上切实享有这一权利。
16.1
缔约国应当采取一切适当的立法、行政、社会、教育和其他措施，保护残疾人在家庭内外免遭一切形式的剥削、暴力和凌虐，包括基于性别的剥削、暴力和凌虐。
16.2
缔约国还应当采取一切适当措施防止一切形式的剥削、暴力和凌虐，除其他外，确保向残疾人及其家属和照护人提供考虑到性别和年龄的适当协助和支助，包括提供信息和教育，说明如何避免、识别和报告剥削、暴力和凌虐事件。缔约国应当确保保护服务考虑到年龄、性别和残疾因素。
16.3
为了防止发生任何形式的剥削、暴力和凌虐，缔约国应当确保所有用于为残疾人服务的设施和方案受到独立当局的有效监测。
ICRMW
保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约
9
移徙工人及其家庭成员的生命权应受法律保护。
10
移徙工人或其家庭成员不应受到酷刑或残忍、不人道、有辱人格的待遇或处罚。
16.1
移徙工人及其家庭成员应有权享有人身自由和安全。
16.2
移徙工人及其家庭成员应有权受到国家的有效保护，以免遭到无论公务人员或个人、团体或机构施以暴力、身体伤害、威胁和恫吓。
ICPPED
保护所有人免遭强迫失踪国际公约
1.1
任何人不得被强迫失踪。
1.2
任何情况，不论是处于战争状态或受到战争威胁、国内政治动乱，还是 任何其他公共紧急状态，均不得用来作为强迫失踪的辩护理由。
2
在本公约中，“强迫失踪”系指由国家代理人，或得到国家授权、支持或默 许的个人或组织，实施逮捕、羁押、绑架，或以任何其他形式剥夺自由的行为，并拒绝承认剥夺自由之实情，隐瞒失踪者的命运或下落，致使失踪者不能得到法律的保护。
5
大规模或者有组织的强迫失踪，构成适用国际法中规定的违反人道主义的罪行，并应受到根据这种适用的国际法规定的惩治。
UNDRIP
联合国土著人民权利宣言
7.1
土著人享有生命权以及身心健全、人身自由和安全的权利。
7.2
土著人民享有作为独特民族，自由、和平、安全地生活的集体权利，不 应遭受种族灭绝或任何其他暴力行为的侵害，包括强行将一个族群的儿童迁移到另一个族群。
22.2
各国应与土著人民共同采取措施，确保土著妇女和儿童获得充分的保护 和保障，免受一切形式的暴力和歧视。
DEVAW
消除对妇女暴力宣言
Comment 1
《消除对妇女的暴力行为宣言》整体相关。
CPPCG
防止及惩治灭绝种族罪公约
Comment 1
《防止及惩治灭绝种族罪公约》整体相关。
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean
4.1
Each Party shall guarantee the right of every person to live in a healthy environment and any other universally-recognized human right related to the present Agreement.
4.2
Each Party shall ensure that the rights recognized in the present Agreement are freely exercised.
4.3
Each Party shall adopt the necessary measures, of a legislative, regulatory, administrative or any other nature, in the framework of its domestic provisions, to guarantee the implementation of the provisions of the present Agreement.
4.6
Each Party shall guarantee an enabling environment for the work of persons, associations, organizations or groups that promote environmental protection, by recognizing and protecting them.
4.10
The Parties may promote knowledge of the provisions of the present Agreement in other international forums related to environmental matters, in accordance with the rules of each forum.
5.2
The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.a
requesting and receiving information from competent authorities without mentioning any special interest or explaining the reasons for the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.b
being informed promptly whether the requested information is in possession or not of the competent authority receiving the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.c
being informed of the right to challenge and appeal when information is not delivered, and of the requirements for exercising this right.
5.3
Each Party shall facilitate access to environmental information for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, establishing procedures for the provision of assistance, from the formulation of requests through to the delivery of the information, taking into account their conditions and specificities, for the purpose of promoting access and participation under equal conditions.
5.4
Each Party shall guarantee that the above-mentioned persons or groups in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples and ethnic groups, receive assistance in preparing their requests and obtain a response.
5.18
Each Party shall establish or designate one or more impartial entities or institutions with autonomy and independence to promote transparency in access to environmental information, to oversee compliance with rules, and monitor, report on and guarantee the right of access to information. Each Party may consider including or strengthening, as appropriate, sanctioning powers within the scope of the responsibilities of the aforementioned entities or institutions.
6.1
Each Party shall guarantee, to the extent possible within available resources, that the competent authorities generate, collect, publicize and disseminate environmental information relevant to their functions in a systematic, proactive, timely, regular, accessible and comprehensible manner, and periodically update this information and encourage the disaggregation and decentralization of environmental information at the subnational and local levels. Each Party shall strengthen coordination between the different authorities of the State.
6.2
The competent authorities shall endeavour to ensure, to the extent possible, that environmental information is reusable, processable and available in formats that are accessible, and that no restrictions are placed on its reproduction or use, in accordance with domestic legislation.
6.3
Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.a
the texts of treaties and international agreements, as well as environmental laws, regulations and administrative acts;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.b
reports on the state of the environment;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.c
a list of public entities competent in environmental matters and, where possible, their respective areas of operation;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.d
a list of polluted areas, by type of pollutant and location;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.e
information on the use and conservation of natural resources and ecosystem services;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.f
scientific, technical or technological reports, studies and information on environmental matters produced by academic and research institutions, whether public or private, national or foreign;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.g
climate change sources aimed at building national capacities;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.h
information on environmental impact assessment processes and on other environmental management instruments, where applicable, and environmental licences or permits granted by the public authorities;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.i
an estimated list of waste by type and, when possible, by volume, location and year; and
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.j
information on the imposition of administrative sanctions in environmental matters.
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.z
Each Party shall guarantee that environmental information systems are duly organized, accessible to all persons and made progressively available through information technology and georeferenced media, where appropriate.
6.4
Each Party shall take steps to establish a pollutant release and transfer register covering air, water, soil and subsoil pollutants, as well as materials and waste in its jurisdiction. This register will be established progressively and updated periodically.
6.6
In order to facilitate access by persons or groups in vulnerable situations to information that particularly affects them, each Party shall endeavour, where applicable, to ensure that the competent authorities disseminate environmental information in the various languages used in the country, and prepare alternative formats that are comprehensible to those groups, using suitable channels of communication.
6.7
Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.a
information on the state of the environment and natural resources, including quantitative data, where possible;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.b
national actions to fulfil environmental legal obligations;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.c
advances in the implementation of the access rights; and
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.d
collaboration agreements among public, social and private sectors.
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.z
Such reports shall be drafted in an easily comprehensible manner and accessible to the public in different formats and disseminated through appropriate means, taking into account cultural realities. Each Party may invite the public to make contributions to these reports.
6.10
Each Party shall ensure that consumers and users have official, relevant and clear information on the environmental qualities of goods and services and their effects on health, favouring sustainable production and consumption patterns.
6.12
Each Party shall take the necessary measures, through legal or administrative frameworks, among others, to promote access to environmental information in the possession of private entities, in particular information on their operations and the possible risks and effects on human health and the environment.
8.1
Each Party shall guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters in accordance with the guarantees of due process.
8.2
Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2 Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2.a
any decision, action or omission related to the access to environmental information;
8.2 Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2.b
any decision, action or omission related to public participation in the decision-making process regarding environmental matters;
8.2 Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2.c
any other decision, action or omission that affects or could affect the environment adversely or violate laws and regulations related to the environment.
8.3
To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.a
competent State entities with access to expertise in environmental matters;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.b
effective, timely, public, transparent and impartial procedures that are not prohibitively expensive;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.c
broad active legal standing in defence of the environment, in accordance with domestic legislation;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.d
the possibility of ordering precautionary and interim measures, inter alia, to prevent, halt, mitigate or rehabilitate damage to the environment;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.e
measures to facilitate the production of evidence of environmental damage, when appropriate and as applicable, such as the reversal of the burden of proof and the dynamic burden of proof;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.f
mechanisms to execute and enforce judicial and administrative decisions in a timely manner; and
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.g
mechanisms for redress, where applicable, such as restitution to the condition prior to the damage, restoration, compensation or payment of a financial penalty, satisfaction, guarantees of non-repetition, assistance for affected persons and financial instruments to support redress.
8.4
To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.a
measures to minimize or eliminate barriers to the exercise of the right of access to justice;
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.b
means to publicize the right of access to justice and the procedures to ensure its effectiveness;
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.c
mechanisms to systematize and disseminate judicial and administrative decisions, as appropriate; and
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.d
the use of interpretation or translation of languages other than the official languages when necessary for the exercise of that right.
8.5
In order to give effect to the right of access to justice, each Party shall meet the needs of persons or groups in vulnerable situations by establishing support mechanisms, including, as appropriate, free technical and legal assistance.
8.6
Each Party shall ensure that the judicial and administrative decisions adopted in environmental matters and their legal grounds are set out in writing
8.7
Each Party shall promote, where appropriate, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in environmental matters, such as mediation, conciliation or other means that allow such disputes to be prevented or resolved.
9.1
Each Party shall guarantee a safe and enabling environment for persons, groups and organizations that promote and defend human rights in environmental matters, so that they are able to act free from threat, restriction and insecurity
9.2
Each Party shall take adequate and effective measures to recognize, protect and promote all the rights of human rights defenders in environmental matters, including their right to life, personal integrity, freedom of opinion and expression, peaceful assembly and association, and free movement, as well as their ability to exercise their access rights, taking into account its international obligations in the field of human rights, its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system.
9.3
Each Party shall also take appropriate, effective and timely measures to prevent, investigate and punish attacks, threats or intimidations that human rights defenders in environmental matters may suffer while exercising the rights set out in the present Agreement.
ECHR
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
2.1
任何人的生命权应当受到法律的保护。不得故 意剥夺任何人的生命，但是，法院依法对他所犯的 罪行定罪并付诸执行的除外。
3
不得对任何人施以酷刑或者是使其受到非人道的 或者是有损人格的待遇或者是惩罚。
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
6.2
The Parties undertake to take appropriate measures to protect persons who may be subject to threats or acts of discrimination, hostility or violence as a result of their ethnic, cultural, linguistic or religious identity.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
I
Every human being has the right to life, liberty and the security of his person.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
4.1
Every person has the right to have his life respected. This right shall be protected by law and, in general, from the moment of conception. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life.
Convention of Belém do Pará
Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against Women
The entire convention is relevant
The Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women (Convention of Belém do Pará) is relevant to this Target in its entirety
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
4
Human beings are inviolable. Every human being shall be entitled to respect for his life and the integrity of his person. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of this right.
5
Every individual shall have the right to the respect of the dignity inherent in a human being and to the recognition of his legal status. All forms of exploitation and degradation of man particularly slavery, slave trade, torture, cruel, inhuman of degrading punishment and treatment shall be prohibited.
6
Every individual shall have the right to liberty and to the security of his person. No one may be deprived of his freedom except for reasons and conditions previously laid down by law. In particular, no one may be arbitrarily arrested or detained.
ACRWC
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
5.1
Every child has an inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law.
5.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall ensure, to the maximum extent possible, the survival, protection and development of the child.
5.3
Death sentence shall not be pronounced for crimes committed by children.
16.1
State Parties to the present Charter shall take specific legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to protect the child from all forms of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment and especially physical or mental injury or abuse, neglect or maltreatment including sexual abuse, while in the care of the child.
16.2
Protective measures under this Article shall include effective procedures for the establishment of special monitoring units to provide necessary support for the child and for those who have the care of the child, as well as other forms of prevention and for identification, reporting referral investigation, treatment, and follow-up of instances of child abuse and neglect.
17.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall in particular:
17.2.a
ensure that no child who is detained or imprisoned or otherwise deprived of his/her liberty is subjected to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment;
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
4.1
Every woman shall be entitled to respect for her life and the integrity and security of her person. All forms of exploitation, cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment and treatment shall be prohibited.
4.2.a
enact and enforce laws to prohibit all forms of violence against women including unwanted or forced sex whether the violence takes place in private or public;
4.2.b
adopt such other legislative, administrative, social and economic measures as may be necessary to ensure the prevention, punishment and eradication of all forms of violence against women;
4.2.c
identify the causes and consequences of violence against women and take appropriate measures to prevent and eliminate such violence;
4.2.d
actively promote peace education through curricula and social communication in order to eradicate elements in traditional and cultural beliefs, practices and stereotypes which legitimise and exacerbate the persistence and tolerance of violence against women;
4.2.e
punish the perpetrators of violence against women and implement programmes for the rehabilitation of women victims;
4.2.f
establish mechanisms and accessible services for effective information, rehabilitation and reparation for victims of violence against women;
4.2.g
prevent and condemn trafficking in women, prosecute the perpetrators of such trafficking and protect those women most at risk;
4.2.i
provide adequate budgetary and other resources for the implementation and monitoring of actions aimed at preventing and eradicating violence against women;
16.10

根据国家立法和国际协议，确保公众获得各种信息，保障基本自由。

Indicators
16.10.1
过去12个月内记者、相关媒体人员、工会会员和人权倡导者被杀害、绑架、强迫失踪、任意拘留和施以酷刑的经核实案件数目
16.10.2
通过和执行宪法、法律和(或)政策以保障公众获取信息的国家数目
 UNDHRD
人权维护者宣言
1
人人有权单独地和与他人一起在国家和国际各级促进 争取保护和实现人权和基本自 由
2.1
每个国家负有首要责任和义务保护 促进和实现一切人权和基本自由,除其他外, 应采取可能必要的步骤,在社会 经济 政治以及其他领域创造一切必要条件,建立必要的 法律保障,以确保在其管辖下的所有人能单独地和与他人一起在实际享受所有这些权利与 自由
2.1 每个国家负有首要责任和义务保护 促进和实现一切人权和基本自由,除其他外, 应采取可能必要的步骤,在社会 经济 政治以及其他领域创造一切必要条件,建立必要的 法律保障,以确保在其管辖下的所有人能单独地和与他人一起在实际享受所有这些权利与 自由
2.2
每一国家均应采取可能必要的立法 行政和其他步骤,以确保本宣言所提的权利和 自由得到有效的保证
3
符合 联合国宪章 和各国在人权和基本自由领域的其他国际义务的国内立法,是落实 和享受人权和基本自由 以及进行本宣言所提一切促进 保护和有效实现这些权利和自由 的活动的法律框架
5 为了促进和保护人权和基本自由,人人有权单独地和与他人一起在国家一级和国际一 级:
5.a
和平聚会或集会;
5 为了促进和保护人权和基本自由,人人有权单独地和与他人一起在国家一级和国际一 级:
5.b
成立 加入和参加非政府组织 社团或团体;
5 为了促进和保护人权和基本自由,人人有权单独地和与他人一起在国家一级和国际一 级:
5.c
同非政府组织或政府间机构进行联系
6 人人有权单独地和与他人一起:
6.a
了解 索取 获得 接受并保存一切有关人权和基本自由的资料,包括取得有关国 内立法 司法或行政系统如何实施这些权利和自由的资料;
6 人人有权单独地和与他人一起:
6.b
根据人权和其他适用的国际文书,自由向他人发表 传授或传播一切有关人权和基 本自由的观点 资料和知识;
6 人人有权单独地和与他人一起:
6.c
就所有人权和基本自由在法律和实践中是否得到遵守进行研究 讨论 形成并提 出自己的见解,借此和通过其他适当手段,促请公众注意这些问题
7
人人有权单独地和与他人一起发展和讨论新的人权思想和原则,有权鼓吹这些思想和 原则
8.1
人人有权单独地和与他人一起,在不歧视的基础上得到有效机会,参加治理国事, 管理公共事务
8.1 人人有权单独地和与他人一起,在不歧视的基础上得到有效机会,参加治理国事, 管理公共事务
8.2
这特别包括有权单独地和与他人一起向政府机构 机关和负责公共事务的组织提 出批评和建议,以便改进其运作,提请人们注意其工作中可能阻挠或妨碍促进 保护和实现 人权和基本自由的任何方面
9.1
在行使人权和基本自由 包括如本宣言所提促进和保护人权时,人人有权单独地和 与他人一起援引有效的补救措施,并在这些权利遭到侵犯时得到保护
9.1 在行使人权和基本自由 包括如本宣言所提促进和保护人权时,人人有权单独地和 与他人一起援引有效的补救措施,并在这些权利遭到侵犯时得到保护
9.2
为此目的,声称其权利或自由受侵犯的所有人均有权自己或通过法律认可代表向 一依法设立的独立 公正的主管司法当局或其他当局提出申诉,并要求该当局通过公开听讯 迅速审理申诉,依法作出裁判,如判定该人权利或自由确实受到侵犯,则提供补偿,包括任何 应得的赔偿,以及执行最终裁判和赔偿,一切均不得有不当延误
9.1 在行使人权和基本自由 包括如本宣言所提促进和保护人权时,人人有权单独地和 与他人一起援引有效的补救措施,并在这些权利遭到侵犯时得到保护
9.3 为了同一目的,人人有权单独地和与他人一起:
9.3.a
通过诉状或其他适当手段,向国内主管司法 行政 立法当局或该国法律制度授权 的任何其他主管当局,对个别官员和政府机构的违反人权和基本自由的政策和行为提出申 诉,有关当局应对申诉作出裁判,不得有不当延误;
9.1 在行使人权和基本自由 包括如本宣言所提促进和保护人权时,人人有权单独地和 与他人一起援引有效的补救措施,并在这些权利遭到侵犯时得到保护
9.3 为了同一目的,人人有权单独地和与他人一起:
9.3.b
出席公开听讯 诉讼和审判,以便确定其是否符合国内法律和适用的国际义务和承 诺;
9.1 在行使人权和基本自由 包括如本宣言所提促进和保护人权时,人人有权单独地和 与他人一起援引有效的补救措施,并在这些权利遭到侵犯时得到保护
9.4
为了同一目的,按照适用的国际文书和程序,人人有权单独地和与他人一起不受阻 挠地同具有一般的或特殊的权限受理和审议有关人权和基本自由的来文的国际机构联系和 通信
9.1 在行使人权和基本自由 包括如本宣言所提促进和保护人权时,人人有权单独地和 与他人一起援引有效的补救措施,并在这些权利遭到侵犯时得到保护
9.5
国家如有合理根据,认为在其管辖的任何领土内发生了侵犯人权和基本自由的行 为,应立即 公正地进行调查,或确保这样的查究得以进行
12.1
人人有权单独地和与他人一起参加反对侵犯人权和基本自由的和平活动
12.2
国家应采取一切必要措施确保主管当局保护每一个人,无论单独地或与他人一起, 不因其合法行使本宣言中所指权利而遭受任何暴力 威胁 报复 事实上或法律上的恶意 歧视 压力或任何其他任意行为的侵犯
12.1 人人有权单独地和与他人一起参加反对侵犯人权和基本自由的和平活动
12.3
在这方面,在以和平手段作出反应或反对造成侵犯人权和基本自由的可归咎于国 家的活动和作为,包括不作为,以及反对群体或个人犯下暴力行为影响人权和基本自由的享 受时,人人有权单独地和与他人一起受到国内法律的有效保护
13
人人有权单独地和与他人一起,根据本宣言第 3 条的规定,以和平手段纯粹为了促进和 保护人权和基本自由的目的征集 接受和使用资源
14.1
国家有责任采取立法 司法 行政或其他适当措施,促进在其管辖范围内的所有人 了解他们的公民 政治 经济 社会和文化权利
14.1 国家有责任采取立法 司法 行政或其他适当措施,促进在其管辖范围内的所有人 了解他们的公民 政治 经济 社会和文化权利
14.2 这类措施,除其他外,应包括:
14.2.a
出版和广泛供应国家法律和规定以及适用的基本国际人权文书;
14.1 国家有责任采取立法 司法 行政或其他适当措施,促进在其管辖范围内的所有人 了解他们的公民 政治 经济 社会和文化权利
14.2 这类措施,除其他外,应包括:
14.2.b
充分和平等地得到人权方面的国际文件,包括缔约国向根据国际人权条约设立的机构 提交的定期报告 以及这些机构讨论情况的简要记录和正式报告
16
个人 非政府组织和有关机构可以发挥重要作用,通过人权和基本自由方面的教育 训 A/RES/53/144 Page 7 练和研究等活动,促使公众更加注意关系到一切人权和基本自由的问题,以便除了其他以外, 进一步加强国与国之间和所有种族和宗教群体之间的理解 容忍 和平和友好关系,但须铭 记它们在其中开展活动的不同社会和社区的背景
17
在行使本宣言所载的权利和自由时,人人单独和与他人一起均须受符合适用国际义务 由法律纯粹为保证充分承认和尊重他人的权利和自由 满足正当道德要求 公共秩序和民 主社会的普遍福利所规定的限制
18.2
个人 群体 机构和非政府组织可发挥重要作用 并负有责任保障民主,促进人权和 基本自由,为促进民主社会 民主体制和民主进程的进步作出贡献
UDHR
世界人权宣言
3
人人有权享有生命、自由和人身安全。
5
任何人不得加以酷刑，或施以残忍的、不人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罚。
12
任何人的私生活、家庭、住宅和通信不得任意干涉，他的荣誉和名誉不得加以攻击。人人有权享受法律保护，以免受这种干涉或攻击。
19
人人有权享有主张和发表意见的自由；此项权利包括持有主张而不受干涉的自由；和通过任何媒介和不论国界寻求、接受和传递消息和思想的自由。
ICCPR
公民权利和政治权利国际公约
6.1
人人有固有的生命权。这个权利应受法律保护。不得任意剥夺任何人的生命。
7
任何人均不得加以酷刑或施以残忍的、不人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罚。特别是对任何人均不得未经其自由同意而施以医药或科学试验。
9.1
人人有权享有人身自由和安全。任何人不得加以任意逮捕或拘禁。除非依照法律所确定的根据和程序，任何人不得被剥夺自由。
19.1
人人有权持有主张，不受干涉。
19.2
人人有自由发表意见的权利；此项权利包括寻求、接受和传递各种消息和思想的自由，而不论国界，也不论口头的、书写的、印刷的、采取艺术形式的、或通过他所选择的任何其他媒介。
21
The right of peaceful assembly shall be recognized. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those imposed in conformity with the law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, public order (ordre public), the protection of public health or morals or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
22.1
人人有自由结社之权利，包括为保障其本身利益而组织及加入工会之权利。
22.2
No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those which are prescribed by law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, public order (ordre public), the protection of public health or morals or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. This article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on members of the armed forces and of the police in their exercise of this right.
ICERD
消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.b
人身安全及国家保护的权利以防强暴或身体上的伤害，不问其为政府官员所加抑为任何私人、团体或机关所加。
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.d 其他公民权利，其尤著者为：
5.d.ix
和平集会及结社自由的权利。
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.d 其他公民权利，其尤著者为：
5.d.viii
主张及表达自由的权利。
CRC
儿童权利公约
13.1
儿童应有自由发表言论的权利；此项权利应包括通过口头、书面或印刷、艺术形成或儿童所选择的任何其他媒介，寻求、接受和传递各种信心和思想的自由，而不论国界。
14.1
缔约国应遵守儿童享有思想、信仰和宗教自由的权利。
15.1
缔约国确认儿童享有结社自由及和平集会自由的权利。
16.1
儿童的隐私、家庭、住宅或通信不受任意或非法干涉，其荣誉和名誉不受非法攻击。
16.2
儿童有权享受法律保护，以免受这类干涉或攻击。
17 缔约国确认大众传播媒介的重要作用，并应确保儿童能够从多种的国家和国际来源获得信息和资料，尤其是旨在促进其社会、精神和道德福祉和身心健康的信息和资料。为此目的，缔约国应：
17.d
鼓励大众传播媒介特别注意属于少数群体或土著居民的儿童在语言方面的需要。
17 缔约国确认大众传播媒介的重要作用，并应确保儿童能够从多种的国家和国际来源获得信息和资料，尤其是旨在促进其社会、精神和道德福祉和身心健康的信息和资料。为此目的，缔约国应：
17.e
鼓励根据第13条和第18条的规定制定适当的准则，保护儿童不受可能损害其福祉的信息和资料之害。
CRPD
残疾人权利公约
10
缔约国重申人人享有固有的生命权，并应当采取一切必要措施，确保残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上切实享有这一权利。
14.1 缔约国应当确保残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上:
14.1.a
享有自由和人身安全的权利。
14.1 缔约国应当确保残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上:
14.1.b
不被非法或任意剥夺自由，任何对自由的剥夺均须符合法律规定，而且在任何情况下均不得以残疾作为剥夺自由的理由。
15.1
不得对任何人实施酷刑或残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚。特别是不得在未经本人自由同意的情况下，对任何人进行医学或科学试验。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.a
以无障碍模式和适合不同类别残疾的技术，及时向残疾人提供公共信息，不另收费。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.b
在正式事务中允许和便利使用手语、盲文、辅助和替代性交流方式及残疾人选用的其他一切无障碍交流手段、方式和模式。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.c
敦促向公众提供服务，包括通过因特网提供服务的私营实体，以无障碍和残疾人可以使用的模式提供信息和服务。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.d
鼓励包括因特网信息提供商在内的大众媒体向残疾人提供无障碍服务。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.e
承认和推动手语的使用。
CAT
禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约
Comment 1
《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》相关内容
ICRMW
保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约
9
移徙工人及其家庭成员的生命权应受法律保护。
10
移徙工人或其家庭成员不应受到酷刑或残忍、不人道、有辱人格的待遇或处罚。
13.1
移徙工人及其家庭成员应有权持有主张，不受干涉。
13.2
移徙工人及其家庭成员应有权享有表达意见的自由；这项权利应包括通过不论是采取口头、书面或印刷方式、以艺术形式或通过他们所选择的任何其他媒介，寻求、接受和传递各种消息和思想的自由，而不论国界。
16.4
移徙工人及其家庭成员不应遭到个别或集体任意逮捕或拘禁；除根据法律所规定的这种理由并按照法律所规定的这种程序外，他们不得被剥夺自由。
ICPPED
保护所有人免遭强迫失踪国际公约
1.1
任何人不得被强迫失踪。
1.2
任何情况，不论是处于战争状态或受到战争威胁、国内政治动乱，还是 任何其他公共紧急状态，均不得用来作为强迫失踪的辩护理由。
2
在本公约中，“强迫失踪”系指由国家代理人，或得到国家授权、支持或默 许的个人或组织，实施逮捕、羁押、绑架，或以任何其他形式剥夺自由的行为，并拒绝承认剥夺自由之实情，隐瞒失踪者的命运或下落，致使失踪者不能得到法律的保护。
5
大规模或者有组织的强迫失踪，构成适用国际法中规定的违反人道主义的罪行，并应受到根据这种适用的国际法规定的惩治。
UNDRIP
联合国土著人民权利宣言
7.1
土著人享有生命权以及身心健全、人身自由和安全的权利。
16.1
土著人民有权建立自己的使用自己语言的媒体，有权不受歧视地利用所 有形式的非土著媒体。
16.2
各国应采取有效措施，确保国有媒体恰当地反映土著文化多样性。各国 应在不损害言论充分自由的情况下，鼓励私有媒体充分反映土著文化的多样性。
DEVAW
消除对妇女暴力宣言
Comment 1
《消除对妇女的暴力行为宣言》整体相关。
Aarhus Convention
Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters
8
每个缔约方应大力促进公众能够在各种 备选办法确定之前的一个适当阶段， 有效参 与公共当局拟订可能会对环境产生重大影响 的执行规章和其他有法律约束力的通用准则 文书的工作。为此， 应采取下列步骤：
1
为促进保护今世后代人人得在适合其健 康和福扯的环境中生活的权利， 每个缔约方 应按照本公约的规定， 保障在环境问题上获 得信息、公众参与决策和诉诸法律的权利。
3.2
每个缔约方应力求确保各级官员和 部门在环境问题上协助和指导公众设法获取 信息、促进参与决策和诉诸法律。
3.3
每个缔约方应在公众中促进环境教 育和提高环境意识， 特别是帮助公众了解如 何在环境间题上获取信息、参与决策和诉诸 法律。
3.5
缔约方有权保持或采用在环境问题 上获取信息、参与决策和诉诸法律方面范围 广千本公约要求的措施， 这项权利不受本公 约规定影响。
3.6
本公约不要求克减在环境问题上获 取信息、参与决策和诉诸法律的现有权利。
3.8
每个缔约方应确保按照本公约规定 行使权利的人不致因此而遭受任何形式的处 罚、迫害或骚扰。本规定不影响国家法院在 司法诉讼中裁定合理费用的权力。
3.9
在本公约有关规定范围内， 公众应 能在环境间题上获取信息、参与决策和诉诸 法律， 不因公民身份、国籍或居所而受任何歧视， 法人则不因注册地或有效活动中心所 在地而受任何歧视。
4.4.g
本身没有法律义务或不可能 被要求承担法律义务提供请 求所指信息但提供了这种信 息、且不同意予以公开的的 第三方的利益；
5.1.b
建立强制性的制度， 保证公 共当局能够充分了解拟议和 正在进行的可能对环境造成 重大影响的活动；
5.1.c
在人类健康或环境面临人类 活动或自然原因造成的任何 迫在眉睫的威胁的情况下， 公共当局立即毫不迟延地向 可能受影响的公众散发所掌 握的、一切能够帮助公众采 取措施预防或减少此种威胁 造成的损害的信息。
5.2.b
建立和保持切合实际的安 排， 诸如：
5.2.b.ii
要求官员帮助公众设法 获取本公约规定的信 息； 以及
5.2.b.iii
确定联络点； 并且
5.6
每个缔约方应鼓励进行对环境造成 重大影响的活动的人定期向公众通报其活动 和产品的环境影响， 适当情况下应在自愿性 质的生态标记或生态审计办法框架内或用其 他办法进行通报。
5.7
每个缔约方应：
6.1.b
并应按照本国法律就关于未 列入附件 — 、可能对环境产 生重大影响的拟议活动的决 定适用本条的规定。为此， 缔约方应确定这种拟议活动 是否适用这些规定； 并且
6.6.d
关于以上内容的非技术性的 概述；
6.7
公众参与程序应让公众能够以书面 形式或酌情在公开听证会或对申请人的询问 过程中提出其认为与拟议活动相关的任何意 见、信息、分析或见解。
6.10
每个缔约方应确保， 在公共当局 重新考虑或更新第1款所指活动实施条件 时， 酌情在做相应修改后适用本条第2款至 第9款的规定。
6.11
每个缔约方应在国家法律框架 内， 在可行和适当的前提下， 就关于是否准 许有目的有计划地将基因改变的有机体释放 到环境中的做法的决定适用本条的规定。
8.b
发表或以其他方式公布规 则草案； 以及
9.3
除此之外， 并且在不影响以上第l 款和第2款所指复审程序的前提下， 每个缔 约方应确保， 只要符合国家法律可能规定的 标准， 公众即可诉诸行政程序或司法程序， 以便就违反与环境有关的国家法律规定的个 人和公共当局的作为和不作为提出质疑。
10.1
第一次缔约方会议应不迟千本公约 生效之日起一年举行。此后， 应至少每隔两 年举行一次缔约方常会， 除非缔约方另有决 定， 或经任何缔约方书面请求另作安排， 但 该请求须在欧洲经济委员会执行秘书将其通 报所有缔约方起六个月之内至少得到三分之 —缔约方的支持。
Kiev Protocol
Kiev Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers to the Aarhus Convention
4
In accordance with this Protocol, each Party shall establish and maintain a publicly accessible national pollutant release and transfer register that:
1
The objective of this Protocol is to enhance public access to information through the establishment of coherent, integrated, nationwide pollutant release and transfer registers (PRTRs) in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol, which could facilitate public participation in environmental decision-making as well as contribute to the prevention and reduction of pollution of the environment.
3.2
The provisions of this Protocol shall not affect the right of a Party to maintain or introduce a more extensive or more publicly accessible pollutant release and transfer register than required by this Protocol.
3.3
Each Party shall take the necessary measures to require that employees of a facility and members of the public who report a violation by a facility of national laws implementing this Protocol to public authorities are not penalized, persecuted or harassed by that facility or public authorities for their actions in reporting the violation.
4.j
Is a structured, computerized database or several linked databases maintained by the competent authority.
4.e
Includes information on transfers;
4.f
Is based on mandatory reporting on a periodic basis;
4.a
Is facility-specific with respect to reporting on point sources;
4.g
Includes standardized and timely data, a limited number of standardized reporting thresholds and limited provisions, if any, for confidentiality;
4.b
Accommodates reporting on diffuse sources;
4.h
Is coherent and designed to be user-friendly and publicly accessible, including in electronic form;
4.c
Is pollutant-specific or waste-specific, as appropriate;
4.i
Allows for public participation in its development and modification; and
4.d
Is multimedia, distinguishing among releases to air, land and water;
5.2
Each Party shall also ensure that the data can be searched and identified according to those diffuse sources which have been included in the register.
5.3
Each Party shall design its register taking into account the possibility of its future expansion and ensuring that the reporting data from at least the ten previous reporting years are publicly accessible.
5.4
The register shall be designed for maximum ease of public access through electronic means, such as the Internet. The design shall allow that, under normal operating conditions, the information on the register is continuously and immediately available through electronic means.
5.5
Each Party should provide links in its register to its relevant existing, publicly accessible databases on subject matters related to environmental protection.
5.6
Each Party shall provide links in its register to the pollutant release and transfer registers of other Parties to the Protocol and, where feasible, to those of other countries.
8.1
Each Party shall ensure that the information required to be incorporated in its register is publicly available, compiled and presented on the register by calendar year. The reporting year is the calendar year to which that information relates. For each Party, the first reporting year is the calendar year after the Protocol enters into force for that Party. The reporting required under article 7 shall be annual. However, the second reporting year may be the second calendar year following the first reporting year.
11.1
Each Party shall ensure public access to information contained in its pollutant release and transfer register, without an interest having to be stated, and according to the provisions of this Protocol, primarily by ensuring that its register provides for direct electronic access through public telecommunications networks.
11.2
Where the information contained in its register is not easily publicly accessible by direct electronic means, each Party shall ensure that its competent authority upon request provides that information by any other effective means, as soon as possible and at the latest within one month after the request has been submitted.
11.5
Where the information contained in its register is not easily publicly accessible by direct electronic means, each Party shall facilitate electronic access to its register in publicly accessible locations, for example in public libraries, offices of local authorities or other appropriate places.
12.2
Within the framework of paragraph 1 (c), any information on releases which is relevant for the protection of the environment shall be considered for disclosure according to national law.
12.3
Whenever information is kept confidential according to paragraph 1, the register shall indicate what type of information has been withheld, through, for example, providing generic chemical information if possible, and for what reason it has been withheld.
13.2
For the purpose of paragraph 1, each Party shall provide the opportunity for free public access to the information on the proposed measures concerning the development of its national pollutant release and transfer register and for the submission of any comments, information, analyses or opinions that are relevant to the decision-making process, and the relevant authority shall take due account of such public input.
13.3
Each Party shall ensure that, when a decision to establish or significantly change its register has been taken, information on the decision and the considerations on which it is based are made publicly available in a timely manner.
15.1
Each Party shall promote public awareness of its pollutant release and transfer registe r, and shall ensure that assistance and guidance are provided in accessing its register and in understanding and using the information contained in it.
ECHR
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
2.1
任何人的生命权应当受到法律的保护。不得故 意剥夺任何人的生命，但是，法院依法对他所犯的 罪行定罪并付诸执行的除外。
3
不得对任何人施以酷刑或者是使其受到非人道的 或者是有损人格的待遇或者是惩罚。
10.1
人人享有表达自由的权利。此项权利应当包括持有主张的自由，以及在不受公共机构干预和不分国界的情况下，接受和传播信息和思想的自由。本条不得阻止各国对广播、电视、电影等企业规定许可证制度。
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
4.1
The Parties undertake to guarantee to persons belonging to national minorities the right of equality before the law and of equal protection of the law. In this respect, any discrimination based on belonging to a national minority shall be prohibited.
9.1
The Parties undertake to recognise that the right to freedom of expression of every person belonging to a national minority includes freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas in the minority language, without interference by public authorities and regardless of frontiers. The Parties shall ensure, within the framework of their legal systems, that persons belonging to a national minority are not discriminated against in their access to the media.
9.2
Paragraph 1 shall not prevent Parties from requiring the licensing, without discrimination and based on objective criteria, of sound radio and television broadcasting, or cinema enterprises.
9.3
The Parties shall not hinder the creation and the use of printed media by persons belonging to national minorities. In the legal framework of sound radio and television broadcasting, they shall ensure, as far as possible, and taking into account the provisions of paragraph 1, that persons belonging to national minorities are granted the possibility of creating and using their own media.
9.4
In the framework of their legal systems, the Parties shall adopt adequate measures in order to facilitate access to the media for persons belonging to national minorities and in order to promote tolerance and permit cultural pluralism.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
IV
Every person has the right to freedom of investigation, of opinion, and of the expression and dissemination of ideas, by any medium whatsoever.

Pages