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目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

保护和可持续利用海洋和海洋资源以促进可持续发展

 14.a

根据政府间海洋学委员会《海洋技术转让标准和准则》，增加科学知识，培养研究能力和转让海洋技术，以便改善海洋的健康，增加海洋生物多样性对发展中国家，特别是小岛屿发展中国家和最不发达国家发展的贡献。

Indicators
14.a.1
对海洋技术领域研究的预算分配数占研究活动预算总额的百分比
 ICESCR
经济、社会和文化权利国际公约
15.1 本公约缔约各国承认人人有权：
15.1.b
享受科学进步及其应用所产生的利益；
15.2
本公约缔约各国为充分实现这一权利而采取的步骤应包括为保存、发展和传播科学和文化所必需的步骤。
15.3
本公约缔约各国承担尊重进行科学研究和创造性活动所不可缺少的自由。
15.4
本公约缔约各国认识到鼓励和发展科学与文化方面的国际接触和合作的好处。
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries. He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
11.2
The States Parties shall promote the protection, preservation, and improvement of the environment.
14.1
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize the right of everyone:
14.1.b
To enjoy the benefits of scientific and technological progress;
14.4
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize the benefits to be derived from the encouragement and development of international cooperation and relations in the fields of science, arts and culture, and accordingly agree to foster greater international cooperation in these fields.
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
24
All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development.
CBD
Convention on Biological Diversity
12
The Contracting Parties, taking into account the special needs of developing countries, shall:
12.a
Establish and maintain programmes for scientific and technical education and training in measures for the identification, conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and its components and provide support for such education and training for the specific needs of developing countries;
12.b
Promote and encourage research which contributes to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, particularly in developing countries, inter alia, in accordance with decisions of the Conference of the Parties taken in consequence of recommendations of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice;
12.c
In keeping with the provisions of Articles 16. 13 and 20. promote and cooperate in the use of scientific advances in biological diversity research in developing methods for conservation and sustainable use of biological resources;
17.1
The Contracting Parties shall facilitate the exchange of information, from all publicly available sources, relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking into account the special needs of developing countries.
17.2
Such exchange of information shall include exchange of results of technical, scientific and socio-economic research, as well as information on training and surveying programmes, specialized knowledge, indigenous and traditional knowledge as such and in combination with the technologies referred to in Article 16, paragraph 1. It shall also, where feasible, include repatriation of information .
18.1
The Contracting Parties shall promote international technical and scientific cooperation in the field of conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, where necessary, through the appropriate international and national institutions.
18.2
Each Contracting Party shall promote technical and scientific cooperation with other Contracting Parties, in particular developing countries, in implementing this Convention, inter alia, through the development and implementation of national policies. In promoting such cooperation, special attention should be given to the development and strengthening of national capabilities, by means of human resources development and institution building.
18.3
The Conference of the Parties, at its first meeting, shall determine how to establish a clearing-house mechanism to promote and facilitate technical and scientific cooperation.
18.4
The Contracting Parties shall, in accordance with national legislation and policies, encourage and develop methods of cooperation for the development and use of technologies, including indigenous and traditional technologies, in pursuance of the objectives of this Convention. For this purpose, the Contracting Parties shall also promote cooperation in the training of personnel and exchange of experts.
18.5
The Contracting Parties shall, subject to mutual agreement, promote the establishment of joint researcn programmes and joint ventures for the development of technologies relevant to the objectives of this Convention.
UNCLOS
联合国海洋法公约
200
各国应直接或通过主管国际组织进行合作,以促进研究、实施科学研究方案、并鼓励交换所取得的关于海洋环境污染的情报和资料。各国应尽力积极参加区域性和全球性方案,以取得有关鉴定污染的性质和范围、面临污染的情况以及其通过的途径、危险和补救办法的知识。
202
各国应直接或通过主管国际组织:
202.a
促进对发展中国家的科学、教育、技术和其他方面援助的方案,以保护和 保全海洋环境,并防止、减少和控制海洋污染。这种援助,除其他外,应包括:
202.a.i
training of their scientific and technical personnel;
202.a.ii
facilitating their participation in relevant international programmes;
202.a.iii
supplying them with necessary equipment and facilities;
202.a.iv
enhancing their capacity to manufacture such equipment;
202.a.v
就研究、监测、教育和其他方案提供意见并发展设施。
202.b
提供适当的援助,特别是对发展中国家,以尽量减少可能对海洋环境造成严重严重污染的重大事故的影响。
202.c
提供关于编制环境评价的适当援助,特别是对发展中国家。