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目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

采用可持续的消费和生产模式

 12.8

到2030年，确保各国人民都能获取关于可持续发展以及与自然和谐的生活方式的信息并具有上述意识。

Indicators
12.8.1
㈠ 全球公民教育和㈡ 可持续发展教育(包括气候变化教育)在多大程度上在(a) 国家教育政策、(b) 课程、(c) 教师培训和(d) 学生评估方面进入主流
 UDHR
世界人权宣言
19
人人有权享有主张和发表意见的自由；此项权利包括持有主张而不受干涉的自由；和通过任何媒介和不论国界寻求、接受和传递消息和思想的自由。
26.2
教育的目的在于充分发展人的个性并加强对人权和基本自由的尊重。教育应促进各国、各种族或各宗教集团的了解、容忍和友谊，并应促进联合国维护和平的各项活动。
27.2
人人以由于他所创作的任何科学、文学或艺术作品而产生的精神的和物质的利益，有享受保护的权利。
ICCPR
公民权利和政治权利国际公约
19.1
人人有权持有主张，不受干涉。
19.2
人人有自由发表意见的权利；此项权利包括寻求、接受和传递各种消息和思想的自由，而不论国界，也不论口头的、书写的、印刷的、采取艺术形式的、或通过他所选择的任何其他媒介。
ICESCR
经济、社会和文化权利国际公约
13.1
本公约缔约各国承认，人人有受教育的权利。它们同意，教育应鼓励人的个性和尊严的充分发展，加强对人权和基本自由的尊重，并应使所有的人能有效地参加自由社会，促进各民族之间和各种族、人种或宗教团体之间的了解、容忍和友谊，和促进联合国维护和平的各项活动。
15.1 本公约缔约各国承认人人有权：
15.1.b
享受科学进步及其应用所产生的利益；
CEDAW
消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约
10 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对妇女的歧视，并保证妇女在教育方面享有与男子平等的权利，特别是在男女平等的基础上保证:
10.c
为消除在各级和各种方式的教育中对男女任务的任何定型观念，应鼓励实行男女同校和其他有助于实现这个目的的教育形式，并特别应修订教科书和课程以及相应地修改教学方法。
10 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对妇女的歧视，并保证妇女在教育方面享有与男子平等的权利，特别是在男女平等的基础上保证:
10.h
有接受特殊教育性辅导的机会，以保障家庭健康和幸福，包括关于计划生育的知识和辅导在内。
14.2 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对农村地区妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上参与农村发展并受其惠益，尤其是保证她们有权:
14.2.h
享受适当的生活条件，特别是在住房、卫生、水电供应、交通和通讯方面。
CRPD
残疾人权利公约
9.2 缔约国还应当采取适当措施，以便:
9.2.g
促使残疾人有机会使用新的信息和通信技术和系统，包括。
9.2 缔约国还应当采取适当措施，以便:
9.2.h
促进在早期阶段设计、开发、生产、推行无障碍信息和通信技术和系统，以便能以最低成本使这些技术和系统无障碍。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.a
以无障碍模式和适合不同类别残疾的技术，及时向残疾人提供公共信息，不另收费。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.b
在正式事务中允许和便利使用手语、盲文、辅助和替代性交流方式及残疾人选用的其他一切无障碍交流手段、方式和模式。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.c
敦促向公众提供服务，包括通过因特网提供服务的私营实体，以无障碍和残疾人可以使用的模式提供信息和服务。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.d
鼓励包括因特网信息提供商在内的大众媒体向残疾人提供无障碍服务。
21 缔约国应当采取一切适当措施，包括下列措施，确保残疾人能够行使自由表达意见的权利，包括在与其他人平等的基础上，通过自行选择本公约第二条所界定的一切交流形式，寻求、接受、传递信息和思想的自由:
21.e
承认和推动手语的使用。
24.3 缔约国应当使残疾人能够学习生活和社交技能，便利他们充分和平等地参与教育和融入社区。为此目的，缔约国应当采取适当措施，包括:
24.3.a
为学习盲文，替代文字，辅助和替代性交流方式、手段和模式，定向和行动技能提供便利，并为残疾人之间的相互支持和指导提供便利。
24.3 缔约国应当使残疾人能够学习生活和社交技能，便利他们充分和平等地参与教育和融入社区。为此目的，缔约国应当采取适当措施，包括:
24.3.b
为学习手语和宣传聋人的语言特性提供便利。
24.3 缔约国应当使残疾人能够学习生活和社交技能，便利他们充分和平等地参与教育和融入社区。为此目的，缔约国应当采取适当措施，包括:
24.3.c
确保以最适合个人情况的语文及交流方式和手段，在最有利于发展学习和社交能力的环境中，向盲、聋或聋盲人，特别是盲、聋或聋盲儿童提供教育。
UNDRIP
联合国土著人民权利宣言
15.1
土著人民有权维护其文化、传统、历史和愿望的尊严和多样性，他们的 文化、传统、历史和愿望应在教育和公共信息中得到适当体现。
Aarhus Convention
Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters
1
为促进保护今世后代人人得在适合其健 康和福扯的环境中生活的权利， 每个缔约方 应按照本公约的规定， 保障在环境问题上获 得信息、公众参与决策和诉诸法律的权利。
3.2
每个缔约方应力求确保各级官员和 部门在环境问题上协助和指导公众设法获取 信息、促进参与决策和诉诸法律。
3.3
每个缔约方应在公众中促进环境教 育和提高环境意识， 特别是帮助公众了解如 何在环境间题上获取信息、参与决策和诉诸 法律。
4.1
每个缔约方在不违反本条以下各款 的前提下， 对于获取环境信息的请求， 应确 保在国家立法范围内为公众提供这种信息， 包括在收到请求并且不违反以下(b)项的前提 下提供含有或构成这种信息的文件材料的复 制件：
4.4.g
本身没有法律义务或不可能 被要求承担法律义务提供请 求所指信息但提供了这种信 息、且不同意予以公开的的 第三方的利益；
5.1.b
建立强制性的制度， 保证公 共当局能够充分了解拟议和 正在进行的可能对环境造成 重大影响的活动；
5.1.c
在人类健康或环境面临人类 活动或自然原因造成的任何 迫在眉睫的威胁的情况下， 公共当局立即毫不迟延地向 可能受影响的公众散发所掌 握的、一切能够帮助公众采 取措施预防或减少此种威胁 造成的损害的信息。
5.2.b
建立和保持切合实际的安 排， 诸如：
5.2.b.ii
要求官员帮助公众设法 获取本公约规定的信 息； 以及
5.2.b.iii
确定联络点； 并且
5.6
每个缔约方应鼓励进行对环境造成 重大影响的活动的人定期向公众通报其活动 和产品的环境影响， 适当情况下应在自愿性 质的生态标记或生态审计办法框架内或用其 他办法进行通报。
5.7
每个缔约方应：
5.7.b
公布或以其他方式提供关千 其在本公约范围内的问题上 与公众相互联系的说明材 料； 以及
6.2.d.iv
说明可以向哪个公共当 局索取有关信息以及说 明存放有关信息供公众 查阅的地点；
6.2.e
说明对该活动要按国家或跨 界环境影响评估程序办 理。
6.4
每个缔约方应安排公众及早参与， 准备各种方案以供选择， 并让公众能够有效 参与。
6.7
公众参与程序应让公众能够以书面 形式或酌情在公开听证会或对申请人的询问 过程中提出其认为与拟议活动相关的任何意 见、信息、分析或见解。
Kiev Protocol
Kiev Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers to the Aarhus Convention
15.1
Each Party shall promote public awareness of its pollutant release and transfer registe r, and shall ensure that assistance and guidance are provided in accessing its register and in understanding and using the information contained in it.
16.2.a
Public awareness at the international level;
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean
4.4
With the aim of contributing to the effective application of the present Agreement, each Party shall provide the public with information to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge on access rights.
5.2
The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.a
requesting and receiving information from competent authorities without mentioning any special interest or explaining the reasons for the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.b
being informed promptly whether the requested information is in possession or not of the competent authority receiving the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.c
being informed of the right to challenge and appeal when information is not delivered, and of the requirements for exercising this right.
5.3
Each Party shall facilitate access to environmental information for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, establishing procedures for the provision of assistance, from the formulation of requests through to the delivery of the information, taking into account their conditions and specificities, for the purpose of promoting access and participation under equal conditions.
5.4
Each Party shall guarantee that the above-mentioned persons or groups in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples and ethnic groups, receive assistance in preparing their requests and obtain a response.
5.11
The competent authorities shall guarantee that the environmental information is provided in the format requested by the applicant, if available. If such a format is not available, the environmental information shall be provided in the available format.
5.12
The competent authorities shall respond to requests for environmental information as quickly as possible and within a period not longer than 30 business days from the date of receipt of the request, or less if so stipulated in domestic legislation.
5.17
Environmental information shall be disclosed at no cost, insofar as its reproduction or delivery is not required. Reproduction and delivery costs shall be applied in accordance with the procedures established by the competent authority. Such costs shall be reasonable and made known in advance, and payment can be waived in the event that the applicant is deemed to be in a vulnerable situation or to have special circumstances warranting such a waiver.
6.1
Each Party shall guarantee, to the extent possible within available resources, that the competent authorities generate, collect, publicize and disseminate environmental information relevant to their functions in a systematic, proactive, timely, regular, accessible and comprehensible manner, and periodically update this information and encourage the disaggregation and decentralization of environmental information at the subnational and local levels. Each Party shall strengthen coordination between the different authorities of the State.
6.2
The competent authorities shall endeavour to ensure, to the extent possible, that environmental information is reusable, processable and available in formats that are accessible, and that no restrictions are placed on its reproduction or use, in accordance with domestic legislation.
6.3
Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.a
the texts of treaties and international agreements, as well as environmental laws, regulations and administrative acts;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.b
reports on the state of the environment;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.c
a list of public entities competent in environmental matters and, where possible, their respective areas of operation;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.d
a list of polluted areas, by type of pollutant and location;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.e
information on the use and conservation of natural resources and ecosystem services;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.f
scientific, technical or technological reports, studies and information on environmental matters produced by academic and research institutions, whether public or private, national or foreign;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.g
climate change sources aimed at building national capacities;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.h
information on environmental impact assessment processes and on other environmental management instruments, where applicable, and environmental licences or permits granted by the public authorities;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.i
an estimated list of waste by type and, when possible, by volume, location and year; and
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.j
information on the imposition of administrative sanctions in environmental matters.
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.z
Each Party shall guarantee that environmental information systems are duly organized, accessible to all persons and made progressively available through information technology and georeferenced media, where appropriate.
6.4
Each Party shall take steps to establish a pollutant release and transfer register covering air, water, soil and subsoil pollutants, as well as materials and waste in its jurisdiction. This register will be established progressively and updated periodically.
6.6
In order to facilitate access by persons or groups in vulnerable situations to information that particularly affects them, each Party shall endeavour, where applicable, to ensure that the competent authorities disseminate environmental information in the various languages used in the country, and prepare alternative formats that are comprehensible to those groups, using suitable channels of communication.
6.7
Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.a
information on the state of the environment and natural resources, including quantitative data, where possible;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.b
national actions to fulfil environmental legal obligations;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.c
advances in the implementation of the access rights; and
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.d
collaboration agreements among public, social and private sectors.
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.z
Such reports shall be drafted in an easily comprehensible manner and accessible to the public in different formats and disseminated through appropriate means, taking into account cultural realities. Each Party may invite the public to make contributions to these reports.
6.10
Each Party shall ensure that consumers and users have official, relevant and clear information on the environmental qualities of goods and services and their effects on health, favouring sustainable production and consumption patterns.
6.12
Each Party shall take the necessary measures, through legal or administrative frameworks, among others, to promote access to environmental information in the possession of private entities, in particular information on their operations and the possible risks and effects on human health and the environment.
10.2
Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.a
train authorities and civil servants on environmental access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.b
develop and strengthen environmental law and access rights awareness-raising and capacity-building programmes for, inter alia, the public, judicial and administrative officials, national human rights institutions and jurists;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.c
provide the competent institutions and entities with adequate equipment and resources;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.d
promote education and training on, and raise public awareness of, environmental matters, through, inter alia, basic educational modules on access rights for students at all levels of education;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.e
develop specific measures for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, such as providing interpreters or translators in languages other than official languages when necessary;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.f
acknowledge the importance of associations, organizations or groups that train the public on or raise public awareness of access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.g
strengthen capabilities to collect, retain and evaluate environmental information.
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
9.1
The Parties undertake to recognise that the right to freedom of expression of every person belonging to a national minority includes freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas in the minority language, without interference by public authorities and regardless of frontiers. The Parties shall ensure, within the framework of their legal systems, that persons belonging to a national minority are not discriminated against in their access to the media.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
IV
Every person has the right to freedom of investigation, of opinion, and of the expression and dissemination of ideas, by any medium whatsoever.
XII
Every person has the right to an education, which should be based on the principles of liberty, morality and human solidarity. Likewise every person has the right to an education that will prepare him to attain a decent life, to raise his standard of living, and to be a useful member of society. The right to an education includes the right to equality of opportunity in every case, in accordance with natural talents, merit and the desire to utilize the resources that the state or the community is in a position to provide. Every person has the right to receive, free, at least a primary education.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
13.1
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought and expression. This right includes freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing, in print, in the form of art, or through any other medium of one's choice.
13.3
The right of expression may not be restricted by indirect methods or means, such as the abuse of government or private controls over newsprint, radio broadcasting frequencies, or equipment used in the dissemination of information, or by any other means tending to impede the communication and circulation of ideas and opinions.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
13.2
The States Parties to this Protocol agree that education should be directed towards the full development of the human personality and human dignity and should strengthen respect for human rights, ideological pluralism, fundamental freedoms, justice and peace. They further agree that education ought to enable everyone to participate effectively in a democratic and pluralistic society and achieve a decent existence and should foster understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations and all racial, ethnic or religious groups and promote activities for the maintenance of peace.
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
9.1
Every individual shall have the right to receive information.
25
States parties to the present Charter shall have the duty to promote and ensure through teaching, education and publication, the respect of the rights and freedoms contained in the present Charter and to see to it that these freedoms and rights as well as corresponding obligations and duties are understood.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
18.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
18.2.b
promote research and investment in new and renewable energy sources and appropriate technologies, including information technologies and facilitate women's access to, and participation in their control;
19
Women shall have the right to fully enjoy their right to sustainable development. In this connection, the States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
19.b
ensure participation of women at all levels in the conceptualisation, decision-making, implementation and evaluation of development policies and programmes;
CBD
Convention on Biological Diversity
12
The Contracting Parties, taking into account the special needs of developing countries, shall:
12.a
Establish and maintain programmes for scientific and technical education and training in measures for the identification, conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and its components and provide support for such education and training for the specific needs of developing countries;
12.b
Promote and encourage research which contributes to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, particularly in developing countries, inter alia, in accordance with decisions of the Conference of the Parties taken in consequence of recommendations of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice;
12.c
In keeping with the provisions of Articles 16. 13 and 20. promote and cooperate in the use of scientific advances in biological diversity research in developing methods for conservation and sustainable use of biological resources;
13
The Contracting Parties shall:
13.a
Promote and encourage understanding of the importance of, and the measures required for, the conservation of biological diversity, as well as its propagation through media, and the inclusion of these topics in educational programmes;
13.b
Cooperate, as appropriate, with other States and international organizations in developing educational and public awareness programmes, with respect to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
17.1
The Contracting Parties shall facilitate the exchange of information, from all publicly available sources, relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking into account the special needs of developing countries.
17.2
Such exchange of information shall include exchange of results of technical, scientific and socio-economic research, as well as information on training and surveying programmes, specialized knowledge, indigenous and traditional knowledge as such and in combination with the technologies referred to in Article 16, paragraph 1. It shall also, where feasible, include repatriation of information .
18.1
The Contracting Parties shall promote international technical and scientific cooperation in the field of conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, where necessary, through the appropriate international and national institutions.
18.2
Each Contracting Party shall promote technical and scientific cooperation with other Contracting Parties, in particular developing countries, in implementing this Convention, inter alia, through the development and implementation of national policies. In promoting such cooperation, special attention should be given to the development and strengthening of national capabilities, by means of human resources development and institution building.
18.3
The Conference of the Parties, at its first meeting, shall determine how to establish a clearing-house mechanism to promote and facilitate technical and scientific cooperation.
18.4
The Contracting Parties shall, in accordance with national legislation and policies, encourage and develop methods of cooperation for the development and use of technologies, including indigenous and traditional technologies, in pursuance of the objectives of this Convention. For this purpose, the Contracting Parties shall also promote cooperation in the training of personnel and exchange of experts.
18.5
The Contracting Parties shall, subject to mutual agreement, promote the establishment of joint researcn programmes and joint ventures for the development of technologies relevant to the objectives of this Convention.