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目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

减少国家内部和国家之间的不平等

 10.4

采取政策，特别是财政、薪资和社会保障政策，逐步实现更大的平等。

Indicators
10.4.1
劳动力占国内生产总值的份额
10.4.2
财政政策的再分配影响
 UDHR
世界人权宣言
22
每个人、作为社会的一员，有权享受社会保障，并有权享受他的个人尊严和人格的自由发展所必需的经济、社会和文化方面各种权利的实现，这种实现是通过国家努力和国际合作并依照各国的组织和资源情况。
23.2
人人有同工同酬的权利，不受任何歧视。
23.3
每一个工作的人，有权享受公正和合适的报酬，保证使他本人和家属有一个符合人的尊严的生活条件，必要时并辅以其他方式的社会保障。
25.1
人人有权享受为维持他本人和家属的健康和福利所需的生活水准，包括食物、衣著、住房、医疗和必要的社会服务；在遭到失业、疾病、残废、守寡、衰老或在其他不能控制的情况下丧失谋生能力时，有权享受保障。
ICESCR
经济、社会和文化权利国际公约
2.1
每一缔约国家承担尽最大能力个别采取步骤或经由国际援助和合作，特别是经济和技术方面的援助和合作，采取步骤，以便用一切适当方法，尤其包括用立法方法，逐渐达到本公约中所承认的权利的充分实现。
3
本公约缔约各国承担保证男子和妇女在本公约所载一切经济、社会及文化权利方面有平等的权利。
7 本公约缔约各国承认人人有权享受公正或良好的工作条件，特别要保证：
7.a 最低限度给予所有工人以下列报酬：
7.a.i
公平的工资和同值工作同酬而没有任何歧视，特别是保证妇女享受不差于男子所享受的工作条件，并享受同工同酬；
7 本公约缔约各国承认人人有权享受公正或良好的工作条件，特别要保证：
7.a 最低限度给予所有工人以下列报酬：
7.a.ii
保证他们自己和他们的家庭得有符合本公约规定的过得去的生活；
9
本公约缔约各国承认人人有权享受社会保障，包括社会保险。
11.1
本公约缔约各国承认人人有权为他自己和家庭获得相当的生活水准，包括足够的食物、衣着和住房，并能不断改进生活条件。各缔约国将采取适当的步骤保证实现这一权利，并承认为此而实行基于自愿同意的国际合作的重要性。
ICERD
消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约
2.2
缔约国应于情况需要时在社会经济、文化及其他方面，采取特别具体措施确保属于各该国的若干种族团体或个人获得充分发展与保护，以期保证此等团体与个人完全并同等享受人权及基本自由，此等措施于所定目的达成后，绝不得产生在不同种族团体间保持不平等或个别行使权利的后果。
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.e 经济、社会及文化权利，其尤著者为：
5.e.i
工作、自由选择职业、享受公平优裕的工作条件、免于失业的保障、同工同酬、获得公平优裕报酬的权利。
CRC
儿童权利公约
2.1
缔约国应遵守本公约所载列的权利，并确保其管辖范围内的每一儿童均享受此种权利，不因儿童或其父母或法定监护人的种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政治或其他见解、民族、族裔或社会出身、财产、伤残、出生或其他身份而有任何差别。
4
缔约国应采取一切适当的立法、行政和其他以实现本公约所确认的权利。关于经济、社会及文化权利，缔约国应根据其现有资源所允许的最大限度并视需要在国际合作范围内采取此类措施。
19.1
缔约国应采取一切适当的立法、行政、社会和教育措施，保护儿童在受父母；法定监护人或其他任何负责照管儿童的人的照料时，不致受到任何形式的身心摧残、伤害或凌辱，忽视或照料不周，虐待或剥削，包括性侵犯。
19.2
这类保护性措施应酌情包括采取有效程序以建立社会方案，向儿童和负贵照管儿童的人提供必要的支助，采取其他预防形式，查明、报告、查询、调查、处理和追究前述的虐待儿童事件，以及在适当时进行司法干预。
26.1
缔约国应确认每个儿童有权受益于社会保障、包括社会保险，并应根据其国内法律采取必要措施充分实现这一权利。
26.2
提供福利时应酌情考虑儿童及负有赡养儿童义务的人的经济情况和环境，以及与儿童提出或代其提出的福利申请有关的其他方面因素。
CEDAW
消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.a
男女平等的原则如尚未列入本国宪法或其他有关法律者，应将其列入，并以法律或其他适当方法，保证实现这项原则。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.b
采取适当立法和其他措施，包括适当时采取制裁，禁止对妇女的一切歧视。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.c
为妇女与男子平等的权利确立法律保护，通过各国的主管法庭及其他公共机构，保证切实保护妇女不受任何歧视。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.d
不采取任何歧视妇女的行为或作法，并保证公共当局和公共机构的行动都不违背这项义务。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.e
应采取一切适当措施，消除任何个人、组织或企业对妇女的歧视。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.f
应采取一切适当措施，包括制定法律，以修改或废除构成对妇女歧视的现行法律、规章、习俗和惯例。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.g
同意废止本国刑法内构成对妇女歧视的一切规定。
3
缔约各国应承担在所有领域，特别是在政治、社会、经济、文化领域，采取一切适当措施，包括制定法律，保证妇女得到充分发展和进步，其目的是为确保她们在与男子平等的基础上，行使和享有人权和基本自由。
11.1 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，消除在就业方面对妇女的歧视，以保证她们在男女平等的基础上享有相同权利，特别是：
11.1.d
同样价值的工作享有同等报酬（包括福利）、平等待遇的权利，在评定工作的表现方面，享有平等待遇的权利。
11.2 缔约各国为使妇女不致因为结婚或生育而受歧视，又为保障其有效的工作权利起见，应采取适当措施:
11.2.d
对于怀孕期间从事确实有害于健康的工作的妇女，给予特别保护。
13
缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除在经济和社会生活的其他方面对妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上有相同的权利，特别是:
14.2 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对农村地区妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上参与农村发展并受其惠益，尤其是保证她们有权:
14.2.a
充分参与各级发展规划的拟订和执行工作。
CRPD
残疾人权利公约
4.1 缔约国承诺确保并促进充分实现所有残疾人的一切人权和基本自由，使其不受任何基于残疾的歧视。为此目的，缔约国承诺:
4.1.a
采取一切适当的立法、行政和其他措施实施本公约确认的权利。
4.1 缔约国承诺确保并促进充分实现所有残疾人的一切人权和基本自由，使其不受任何基于残疾的歧视。为此目的，缔约国承诺:
4.1.b
采取一切适当措施，包括立法，以修订或废止构成歧视残疾人的现行法律、法规、习惯和做法。
4.2
关于经济、社会和文化权利，各缔约国承诺尽量利用现有资源并于必要时在国际合作框架内采取措施，以期逐步充分实现这些权利，但不妨碍本公约中依国际法立即适用的义务。
27.1 缔约国确认残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上享有工作权，包括有机会在开放、具有包容性和对残疾人不构成障碍的劳动力市场和工作环境中，为谋生自由选择或接受工作的权利。为保障和促进工作权的实现，包括在就业期间致残者的工作权的实现，缔约国应当采取适当步骤，包括通过立法，除其他外:
27.1.b
保护残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上享有公平和良好的工作条件，包括机会均等和同值工作同等报酬的权利，享有安全和健康的工作环境，包括不受搔扰的权利，并享有申诉的权利。
28.2 缔约国确认残疾人有权获得社会保护，并有权在不受基于残疾的歧视的情况下享有这项权利;缔约国应当采取适当步骤，保障和促进这项权利的实现，包括采取措施:
28.2.b
确保残疾人，尤其是残疾妇女、女孩和老年人，可以利用社会保护方案和减贫方案。
28.2 缔约国确认残疾人有权获得社会保护，并有权在不受基于残疾的歧视的情况下享有这项权利;缔约国应当采取适当步骤，保障和促进这项权利的实现，包括采取措施:
28.2.c
确保生活贫困的残疾人及其家属，在与残疾有关的费用支出，包括适足的培训、辅导、经济援助和临时护理方面，可以获得国家援助。
ICRMW
保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约
25.1
移徙工人在工作报酬和以下其他方面，应享有不低于适用于就业国国民的待遇：
27.1
在社会保障方面，移徙工人及其家庭成员应享有与就业国国民同样的待遇，只要他们符合该国适用的立法以及适用的双边或多边条约的规定。原籍国和就业国的有关当局可在任何时候作出必要安排来确定适用这一准则的方式。
43.1 移徙工人在以下方面应享有与就业国国民同等的待遇：
43.1.e
享受社会服务和保健服务，但需符合参加各该种计划的规定。
45.1 移徙工人的家庭成员在就业国内在以下方面应享有与该国国民同等的待遇：
45.1.c
享受社会服务和保健服务，但需符合参加各该种计划的规定。
84
每一缔约国承允采取立法及其他必要措施以执行本公约各项规定。
UNDRIP
联合国土著人民权利宣言
15.2
各国应与有关的土著人民协商和合作，采取有效措施，消除偏见和歧视， 促进土著人民与社会所有其他阶层之间的宽容、了解和良好关系。
17.3
土著人享有在劳动条件以及特别是就业和薪水方面不受歧视的权利。
20.1
土著人民有权保持和发展其政治、经济和社会制度或机构，有权安稳地 享用自己的谋生和发展手段，有权自由从事他们所有传统的和其他经济活动。
21.1
土著人民有权不受歧视地改善其经济和社会状况，尤其是在教育、就业、 职业培训和再培训、住房、环境卫生、保健和社会保障等领域。
ILO 95
工资保护公约，1949（第95号）
ILO 95
本项国际劳工组织公约规定工资应定期发放，一律发给法定货币。若特殊情况下只能支付部分工资，津贴发放应公平合理。
ILO 100
同酬公约，1951（第100号）
ILO 100
本项基本国际劳工组织公约要求会员国，保证“对男女工人同等价值的工作付予同等报酬”的原则适用于全体工人。
ILO 102
社会保障(最低标准)公约，1952（第102号）
ILO 102
本项国际劳工组织公约涵盖了社会保障各大领域的最低基准和准予的最低条件，包括医疗、疾病给付、失业给付、老年给付、工伤给付、家庭给付、生育给付、残障给付、遗属给付等九项基本社会保障。
ILO 111
（就业和职业）歧视公约，1958（第111号）
Description 1
就本项基本公约而言，“歧视”一词包括：基于种族、肤色、性别、宗教、政治见解、民族血统或社会出身等原因，具有取消或损害就业或职业机会均等或待遇平等作用的任何区别对待、排斥或被他人优先。
ILO 118
（社会保障）同等待遇公约，1962，（第118号）
ILO 118
本项国际劳工组织公约确立了国民和非国民在社会保障方面待遇平等的规定，尤其是对于移徙工人。
ILO 131
确定最低工资公约，1970，（第131号）
ILO 131
本项基本国际劳工组织公约要求会员国建立一种有法律效力的最低工资设定机制，能够限定、定期审查和调整最低工资率。
ILO 157
维护社会保障权利公约，1982（第157号）
ILO 157
本国际劳工组织公约为那些面临着失去其在原国籍地享有的社会保障福利的权利问题的移徙工人，规定了确切的社会保障权利和福利。
ILO Rec 202
社会保护底线建议书，2012（第202号）
ILO Rec 202
这项提议书对于引进和维持社会保障最低标准和实施社会保护最低标准给出了指导建议。
European Social Charter
European Social Charter (Revised)
Part II
The Parties undertake, as provided for in Part III, to consider themselves bound by the obligations laid down in the following articles and paragraphs.
Part#I.8
Employed women, in case of maternity, have the right to a special protection.
Part#II.8
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right of employed women to the protection of maternity, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.8.1
to provide either by paid leave, by adequate social security benefits or by benefits from public funds for employed women to take leave before and after childbirth up to a total of at least fourteen weeks;
Part#I.12
All workers and their dependents have the right to social security.
Part#II.12
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to social security, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.12.1
создать или поддерживать систему социального обеспечения
Part#II.12.2
to maintain the social security system at a satisfactory level at least equal to that necessary for the ratification of the European Code of Social Security;
Part#II.12.3
to endeavour to raise progressively the system of social security to a higher level;
Part#II.12.4
to take steps, by the conclusion of appropriate bilateral and multilateral agreements or by other means, and subject to the conditions laid down in such agreements, in order to ensure:
Part#II.12.4.a
equal treatment with their own nationals of the nationals of other Parties in respect of social security rights, including the retention of benefits arising out of social security legislation, whatever movements the persons protected may undertake between the territories of the Parties;
Part#II.12.4.b
the granting, maintenance and resumption of social security rights by such means as the accumulation of insurance or employment periods completed under the legislation of each of the Parties.
Part#II.13
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to social and medical assistance, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.13.1
to ensure that any person who is without adequate resources and who is unable to secure such resources either by his own efforts or from other sources, in particular by benefits under a social security scheme, be granted adequate assistance, and, in case of sickness, the care necessitated by his condition;
Part#II.13.2
to ensure that persons receiving such assistance shall not, for that reason, suffer from a diminution of their political or social rights;
Part#II.13.3
to provide that everyone may receive by appropriate public or private services such advice and personal help as may be required to prevent, to remove, or to alleviate personal or family want;
Part#II.13.4
to apply the provisions referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of this article on an equal footing with their nationals to nationals of other Parties lawfully within their territories, in accordance with their obligations under the European Convention on Social and Medical Assistance, signed at Paris on 11 December 1953.
Part#II.16
With a view to ensuring the necessary conditions for the full development of the family, which is a fundamental unit of society, the Parties undertake to promote the economic, legal and social protection of family life by such means as social and family benefits, fiscal arrangements, provision of family housing, benefits for the newly married and other appropriate means.
Part#II.17
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right of children and young persons to grow up in an environment which encourages the full development of their personality and of their physical and mental capacities, the Parties undertake, either directly or in co-operation with public and private organisations, to take all appropriate and necessary measures designed:
Part#II.17.1.a
to ensure that children and young persons, taking account of the rights and duties of their parents, have the care, the assistance, the education and the training they need, in particular by providing for the establishment or maintenance of institutions and services sufficient and adequate for this purpose;
Part#II.17.1.b
to protect children and young persons against negligence, violence or exploitation;
Part#II.17.1.c
обеспечивать защиту и особую помощь со стороны государства детям и молодежи, временно или постоянно лишенным поддержки своих семей;
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
4.2
The Parties undertake to adopt, where necessary, adequate measures in order to promote, in all areas of economic, social, political and cultural life, full and effective equality between persons belonging to a national minority and those belonging to the majority. In this respect, they shall take due account of the specific conditions of the persons belonging to national minorities.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
XIV
Every person has the right to work, under proper conditions, and to follow his vocation freely, insofar as existing conditions of employment permit. Every person who works has the right to receive such remuneration as will, in proportion to his capacity and skill, assure him a standard of living suitable for himself and for his family.
XVI
Every person has the right to social security which will protect him from the consequences of unemployment, old age, and any disabilities arising from causes beyond his control that make it physically or mentally impossible for him to earn a living.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
26
The States Parties undertake to adopt measures, both internally and through international cooperation, especially those of an economic and technical nature, with a view to achieving progressively, by legislation or other appropriate means, the full realization of the rights implicit in the economic, social, educational, scientific, and cultural standards set forth in the Charter of the Organization of American States as amended by the Protocol of Buenos Aires.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
1
The States Parties to this Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights undertake to adopt the necessary measures, both domestically and through international cooperation, especially economic and technical, to the extent allowed by their available resources, and taking into account their degree of development, for the purpose of achieving progressively and pursuant to their internal legislations, the full observance of the rights recognized in this Protocol.
6.1
Everyone has the right to work, which includes the opportunity to secure the means for living a dignified and decent existence by performing a freely elected or accepted lawful activity.
7
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize that the right to work to which the foregoing article refers presupposes that everyone shall enjoy that right under just, equitable, and satisfactory conditions, which the States Parties undertake to guarantee in their internal legislation, particularly with respect to:
7.h
Rest, leisure and paid vacations as well as remuneration for national holidays.
9.1
Everyone shall have the right to social security protecting him from the consequences of old age and of disability which prevents him, physically or mentally, from securing the means for a dignified and decent existence. In the event of the death of a beneficiary, social security benefits shall be applied to his dependents.
9.2
In the case of persons who are employed, the right to social security shall cover at least medical care and an allowance or retirement benefit in the case of work accidents or occupational disease and, in the case of women, paid maternity leave before and after childbirth.
Inter-American Convention on discrimination against persons with disabilities
Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities
III
To achieve the objectives of this Convention, the states parties undertake:
III.1
To adopt the legislative, social, educational, labor-related, or any other measures needed to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities and to promote their full integration into society, including, but not limited to:
III.1.a
Measures to eliminate discrimination gradually and to promote integration by government authorities and/or private entities in providing or making available goods, services, facilities, programs, and activities such as employment, transportation, communications, housing, recreation, education, sports, law enforcement and administration of justice, and political and administrative activities;
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
1
The Member States of the Organization of African Unity parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, duties and freedoms enshrined in this Charter and shall undertake to adopt legislative or other measures to give effect to them.
15
Every individual shall have the right to work under equitable and satisfactory conditions, and shall receive equal pay for equal work.
18.3
The State shall ensure the elimination of every discrimination against women and also censure the protection of the rights of the woman and the child as stipulated in international declarations and conventions.
18.4
The aged and the disabled shall also have the right to special measures of protection in keeping with their physical or moral needs.
ACRWC
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
1.1
Member States of the Organization of African Unity, Parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, freedoms and duties enshrined in this Charter and shall undertake the necessary steps, in accordance with their Constitutional processes and with the provisions of the present Charter, to adopt such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of this Charter.
3
Every child shall be entitled to the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms recognized and guaranteed in this Charter irrespective of the child’s or his/her parents’ or legal guardians’ race, ethnic group, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national and social origin, fortune, birth or other status.
20.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall in accordance with their means and national conditions take all appropriate measures:
20.2.b
to assist parents and others responsible for the child in the performance of child-rearing and ensure the development of institutions responsible for providing care of children;
20.2.c
to ensure that the children of working parents are provided with care services and facilities.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
2.1
States Parties shall combat all forms of discrimination against women through appropriate legislative, institutional and other measures. In this regard they shall:
2.1.a
include in their national constitutions and other legislative instruments, if not already done, the principle of equality between women and men and ensure its effective application;
2.1.c
integrate a gender perspective in their policy decisions, legislation, development plans, programmes and activities and in all other spheres of life;
2.1.d
take corrective and positive action in those areas where discrimination against women in law and in fact continues to exist;
13
States Parties shall adopt and enforce legislative and other measures to guarantee women equal opportunities in work and career advancement and other economic opportunities. In this respect, they shall:
13.a
promote equality of access to employment;
13.b
promote the right to equal remuneration for jobs of equal value for women and men;
13.d
guarantee women the freedom to choose their occupation, and protect them from exploitation by their employers violating and exploiting their fundamental rights as recognised and guaranteed by conventions, laws and regulations in force;
13.e
create conditions to promote and support the occupations and economic activities of women, in particular, within the informal sector;
13.f
establish a system of protection and social insurance for women working in the informal sector and sensitise them to adhere to it;
13.i
guarantee adequate and paid pre- and post-natal maternity leave in both the private and public sectors
13.j
ensure the equal application of taxation laws to women and men;
13.k
recognise and enforce the right of salaried women to the same allowances and entitlements as those granted to salaried men for their spouses and children
19
Women shall have the right to fully enjoy their right to sustainable development. In this connection, the States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
19.a
introduce the gender perspective in the national development planning procedures;
19.d
promote women’s access to credit, training, skills development and extension services at rural and urban levels in order to provide women with a higher quality of life and reduce the level of poverty among women;
26.2
States Parties undertake to adopt all necessary measures and in particular shall provide budgetary and other resources for the full and effective implementation of the rights herein recognised