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目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

实现性别平等，增强所有妇女和女童的权能

 5.a

根据各国法律进行改革，给予妇女平等获取经济资源的权利，以及享有对土地和其他形式财产的所有权和控制权，获取金融服务、遗产和自然资源。

Indicators
5.a.1
(a)农业总人口中对农业用地拥有所有权或有保障权利的人口比例, 按性别分列；(b)农业用地所有人或权利人中妇女所占比例, 按土地保有类型分列
5.a.2
包括习惯法在内的国家法律框架保障妇女有权平等享有土地所有权和(或)控制权的国家所占比例
 UDHR
世界人权宣言
17.1
人人有权享有单独的财产所有权以及同他人合有的所有权。
ICESCR
经济、社会和文化权利国际公约
3
本公约缔约各国承担保证男子和妇女在本公约所载一切经济、社会及文化权利方面有平等的权利。
ICERD
消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.d 其他公民权利，其尤著者为：
5.d.v
单独占有及与他人合有财产的权利。
5 缔约国依本公约第二条所规定的基本义务承诺禁止并消除一切形式种族歧视，保证人人有不分种族、肤色或民族或人种在法律上一律平等的权利，尤得享受下列权利:
5.d 其他公民权利，其尤著者为：
5.d.vi
继承权。
CEDAW
消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.a
男女平等的原则如尚未列入本国宪法或其他有关法律者，应将其列入，并以法律或其他适当方法，保证实现这项原则。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.b
采取适当立法和其他措施，包括适当时采取制裁，禁止对妇女的一切歧视。
2 缔约各国谴责对妇女一切形式的歧视，协议立即用一切适当办法，推行政策，消除对妇女的歧视。为此目的，承担:
2.c
为妇女与男子平等的权利确立法律保护，通过各国的主管法庭及其他公共机构，保证切实保护妇女不受任何歧视。
14.2 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施以消除对农村地区妇女的歧视，保证她们在男女平等的基础上参与农村发展并受其惠益，尤其是保证她们有权:
14.2.g
有权取得农业信贷，利用销售设施，获得适当技术，并在土地改革和土地垦植计划方面享有平等待遇。
16.1 缔约各国应采取一切适当措施，消除在有关婚姻和家庭关系的一切事项上对妇女的歧视，并特别应保证她们在男女平等的基础上:
16.1.h
配偶双方在财产的所有、取得、经营、管理、享有、处置方面，不论是无偿的或是收取价值酬报的，都具有相同的权利。
ECHR Protocol
Protocol to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
1
每个自然人或法人都被授予和平地享用其财产的 资格。除非为了公共利益并且符合法律以及国际法 一般原则所规定的条件，任何人都不应当被剥夺其 财产。 但是，前款规定不应当以任何方式损害一国的如 下权利：按其认为必要的方式去强制执行此类法律 以便依据一般利益来控制财产使用，或者保证税收 或其他捐税或罚金的支付。
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
II
All persons are equal before the law and have the rights and duties established in this Declaration, without distinction as to race, sex, language, creed or any other factor.
XXIII
Every person has a right to own such private property as meets the essential needs of decent living and helps to maintain the dignity of the individual and of the home.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
1.1
The States Parties to this Convention undertake to respect the rights and freedoms recognized herein and to ensure to all persons subject to their jurisdiction the free and full exercise of those rights and freedoms, without any discrimination for reasons of race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, economic status, birth, or any other social condition.
21.1
Everyone has the right to the use and enjoyment of his property. The law may subordinate such use and enjoyment to the interest of society.
21.2
No one shall be deprived of his property except upon payment of just compensation, for reasons of public utility or social interest, and in the cases and according to the forms established by law.
21.3
Usury and any other form of exploitation of man by man shall be prohibited by law.
26
The States Parties undertake to adopt measures, both internally and through international cooperation, especially those of an economic and technical nature, with a view to achieving progressively, by legislation or other appropriate means, the full realization of the rights implicit in the economic, social, educational, scientific, and cultural standards set forth in the Charter of the Organization of American States as amended by the Protocol of Buenos Aires.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
3
The State Parties to this Protocol undertake to guarantee the exercise of the rights set forth herein without discrimination of any kind for reasons related to race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, economic status, birth or any other social condition.
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
14
The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws.
18.3
The State shall ensure the elimination of every discrimination against women and also censure the protection of the rights of the woman and the child as stipulated in international declarations and conventions.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
15
States Parties shall ensure that women have the right to nutritious and adequate food. In this regard, they shall take appropriate measures to:
15.a
provide women with access to clean drinking water, sources of domestic fuel, land, and the means of producing nutritious food;
19
Women shall have the right to fully enjoy their right to sustainable development. In this connection, the States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
19.c
promote women’s access to and control over productive resources such as land and guarantee their right to property;
19.d
promote women’s access to credit, training, skills development and extension services at rural and urban levels in order to provide women with a higher quality of life and reduce the level of poverty among women;
19.e
take into account indicators of human development specifically relating to women in the elaboration of development policies and programmes;
21.1
A widow shall have the right to an equitable share in the inheritance of the property of her husband. A widow shall have the right to continue to live in the matrimonial house. In case of remarriage, she shall retain this right if the house belongs to her or she has inherited it.
21.2
Women and men shall have the right to inherit, in equitable shares, their parents' properties
CBD
Convention on Biological Diversity
8
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8.j
Subject to its national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices;
10
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
10 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
10.c
Protect and encourage customary use of biological resources in accordance with traditional cultural practices that are compatible with conservation or sustainable use requirements;
10 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
10.d
Support local populations to develop and implement remedial action in degraded areas where biological diversity has been reduced;
11
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, adopt economically and socially sound measures that act as incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of components of biological diversity.
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
5
除根据第四条应承担的义务之外，受影响国家缔约方承诺：
5.d
在防治荒漠化和缓解干旱影响的工作中，在非政府组织的支持下，提高当地群众尤其 是妇女和青年的认识，并为他们的参与提供便利；以及
10.2
国家行动方案应当明确指出政府、地方社区和土地使用者各自的作用，同时确定可得到 的和需要的资源。国家行动方案除其他外应：
10.2.f
设法在地方、国家和区域各级让非政府组织和当地男女群众，特别是资源的使用者， 包括农民和牧民及他们的代表组织，有效参与国家行动方案的政策规划、决策、实施 和审查；以及
16
The Parties agree, according to their respective capabilities, to integrate and coordinate the collection, analysis and exchange of relevant short term and long term data and information to ensure systematic observation of land degradation in affected areas and to understand better and assess the processes and effects of drought and desertification. This would help accomplish, inter alia, early warning and advance planning for periods of adverse climatic variation in a form suited for practical application by users at all levels, including especially local populations. To this end, they shall, as appropriate:
16.g
缔约方同意根据各自能力综合和协调有关长、短期数据及信息的收集、分析和交流工作， 确保有系统地观察受影响地区土地退化情况，更好地了解和评价干旱和荒漠化的过程和影 响。除其他外，这将可以用适合所有各级用户，包括尤其是以当地群众能够实际应用的形 式，对不利的气候变异时期提供早期预警和先期规划。为此，它们应酌情：