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目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

保护、恢复和促进可持续利用陆地生态系统，可持续管理森林，防治荒漠化，制止和扭转土地退化，遏制生物多样性的丧失

 15.3

到2030年，防治荒漠化，恢复退化的土地和土壤，包括受荒漠化、干旱和洪涝影响的土地，努力建立一个不再出现土地退化的世界。

Indicators
15.3.1
已退化土地占土地总面积的比例
 ICCPR
公民权利和政治权利国际公约
1.2
所有人民得为他们自己的目的自由处置他们的天然财富和资源，而不损害根据基於互利原则的国际经济合作和国际法而产生的任何义务。在任何情况下不得剥夺一个人民自己的生存手段。
ICESCR
经济、社会和文化权利国际公约
1.2
所有人民得为他们自己的目的自由处置他们的天然财富和资源，而不损害根据基于互利原则的国际经济合作和国际法而产生的任何义务。在任何情况下不得剥夺一个人民自己的生存手段。
12.1
本公约缔约各国承认人人有权享有能达到的最高的体质和心理健康的标准。
12.2 本公约缔约各国为充分实现这一权利而采取的步骤应包括为达到下列目标所需的步骤：
12.2.b
改善环境卫生和工业卫生的各个方面；
UNDRIP
联合国土著人民权利宣言
26.1
土著人民对他们传统上拥有、占有或以其他方式使用或获得的土地、领 土和资源拥有权利。
26.2
土著人民有权拥有、使用、开发和控制因他们传统上拥有或其他传统上 的占有或使用而持有的，以及他们以其他方式获得的土地、领土和资源。
29.1
土著人民有权养护和保护其土地或领土和资源的环境和生产能力。各国 应不加歧视地制定和执行援助土著人民进行这种养护和保护的方案。
29.2
各国应采取有效措施，确保未事先获得土著人民的自由知情同意，不得 在其土地或领土上存放或处置危险物质。
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean
4.3
Each Party shall adopt the necessary measures, of a legislative, regulatory, administrative or any other nature, in the framework of its domestic provisions, to guarantee the implementation of the provisions of the present Agreement.
5.2
The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.a
requesting and receiving information from competent authorities without mentioning any special interest or explaining the reasons for the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.b
being informed promptly whether the requested information is in possession or not of the competent authority receiving the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.c
being informed of the right to challenge and appeal when information is not delivered, and of the requirements for exercising this right.
5.3
Each Party shall facilitate access to environmental information for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, establishing procedures for the provision of assistance, from the formulation of requests through to the delivery of the information, taking into account their conditions and specificities, for the purpose of promoting access and participation under equal conditions.
5.4
Each Party shall guarantee that the above-mentioned persons or groups in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples and ethnic groups, receive assistance in preparing their requests and obtain a response.
6.3
Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.e
information on the use and conservation of natural resources and ecosystem services;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.f
scientific, technical or technological reports, studies and information on environmental matters produced by academic and research institutions, whether public or private, national or foreign;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.g
climate change sources aimed at building national capacities;
6.7
Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.a
information on the state of the environment and natural resources, including quantitative data, where possible;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.z
Such reports shall be drafted in an easily comprehensible manner and accessible to the public in different formats and disseminated through appropriate means, taking into account cultural realities. Each Party may invite the public to make contributions to these reports.
10.2
Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.a
train authorities and civil servants on environmental access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.b
develop and strengthen environmental law and access rights awareness-raising and capacity-building programmes for, inter alia, the public, judicial and administrative officials, national human rights institutions and jurists;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.c
provide the competent institutions and entities with adequate equipment and resources;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.d
promote education and training on, and raise public awareness of, environmental matters, through, inter alia, basic educational modules on access rights for students at all levels of education;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.e
develop specific measures for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, such as providing interpreters or translators in languages other than official languages when necessary;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.f
acknowledge the importance of associations, organizations or groups that train the public on or raise public awareness of access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.g
strengthen capabilities to collect, retain and evaluate environmental information.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
11.2
The States Parties shall promote the protection, preservation, and improvement of the environment.
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
21.1
All peoples shall freely dispose of their wealth and natural resources. This right shall be exercised in the exclusive interest of the people. In no case shall a people be deprived of it.
22.2
States shall have the duty, individually or collectively, to ensure the exercise of the right to development.
24
All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
18.1
Women shall have the right to live in a healthy and sustainable environment.
18.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
18.2.c
protect and enable the development of women’s indigenous knowledge systems;
联合国气候变化框架公约
联合国气候变化框架公约
3
各缔约方在为实现本公约的目标和履行其各项规定而采取行动时，除其他 外，应以下列作为指导：
3.3
各缔约方应当采取预防措施，预测、防止或尽量减少引起气候变化的原因，并缓解其不利影响。当存在造成严重或不可逆转的损害的威胁时，不应当以科学上没有完全的确定性为理由推迟采取这类措施，同时考虑到应付气候变化的政策和措施应当讲求成本效益，确保以尽可能最低的费用获得全球效益。为此，这种政策和措施应当考虑到不同的社会经济情况，并且应当具有全面性，包括所有有关的温室气体源、汇和库及适应措施，并涵盖所有经济部门。应付气候变化的努力可由有关的缔约方合作进行。
4.1
All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, shall:
4.1.d
促进可持续地管理，并促进和合作酌情维护和加强《蒙特利尔议定 书》未予管制的所有温室气体的汇和库、包括生物质、森林和海洋以及其它陆 地、沿海和海洋生态系统；
4.2
附件一所列的发达国家缔约方和其他缔约方具体承诺如下所规定：
4.2.a
附件一所列的发达国家缔约方和其他缔约方具体承诺如下所规定：每一个此类缔约方应制定国家政策和采取相应的措施，通过限制其人为的温室气体排放以及保护和增强其温室气体库和汇，减缓气候变化。这些政策和措施将表明，发达国家是在带头依循本公约的目标，改变人为排放的长期趋势，同时认识到至本十年末使二氧化碳和《蒙特利尔议定书》未予管制的其他温室气体的人为排放回复到较早的水平，将会有助于这种改变，并考虑到这些缔约方的起点和做法、经济结构和资源基础方面的差别、维持强有力和可持续经济增长的需要、可以采用的技术以及其他个别情况，又考虑到每一个此类缔约方都有必要对为了实现该目标而作的全球努力作出公平和适当的贡献。这些缔约方可以同其他缔约方共同执行这些政策和措施，也可以协助其他缔约方为实现本公约的目标特别是本项的目标作出贡献；
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
The entire convention is relevant
The UN Convention to Combat desertification is relevant to this Target in its entirety.