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Targets
instruments
Goal Target Instrument Article / Description

Reduce inequality within and among countries.

 10.7

Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies.

Indicators
10.7.1
Recruitment cost borne by employee as a proportion of monthly income earned in country of destination
10.7.2
Number of countries with migration policies that facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people
10.7.3
Number of people who died or disappeared in the process of migration towards an international destination
10.7.4
Proportion of the population who are refugees, by country of origin
 UDHR
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
3
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
4
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
5
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
ICCPR
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
6.1
Every human being has the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life.
7
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. In particular, no one shall be subjected without his free consent to medical or scientific experimentation.
8.1
No one shall be held in slavery; slavery and the slave-trade in all their forms shall be prohibited.
8.2
No one shall be held in servitude.
8.3.a
No one shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour;
9.1
Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention. No one shall be deprived of his liberty except on such grounds and in accordance with such procedure as are established by law.
ICESCR
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
10 The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize that:
10.3
Special measures of protection and assistance should be taken on behalf of all children and young persons without any discrimination for reasons of parentage or other conditions. Children and young persons should be protected from economic and social exploitation. Their employment in work harmful to their morals or health or dangerous to life or likely to hamper their normal development should be punishable by law. States should also set age limits below which the paid employment of child labour should be prohibited and punishable by law.
ICERD
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
5 In compliance with the fundamental obligations laid down in article 2 of this Convention, States Parties undertake to prohibit and to eliminate racial discrimination in all its forms and to guarantee the right of everyone, without distinction as to race, colour, or national or ethnic origin, to equality before the law, notably in the enjoyment of the following rights:
5.b
The right to security of person and protection by the State against violence or bodily harm, whether inflicted by government officials or by any individual group or institution;
CRC
Convention on the Rights of the Child
6.1
States Parties recognize that every child has the inherent right to life.
6.2
States Parties shall ensure to the maximum extent possible the survival and development of the child.
10.1
In accordance with the obligation of States Parties under article 9, paragraph 1, applications by a child or his or her parents to enter or leave a State Party for the purpose of family reunification shall be dealt with by States Parties in a positive, humane and expeditious manner. States Parties shall further ensure that the submission of such a request shall entail no adverse consequences for the applicants and for the members of their family.
10.2
A child whose parents reside in different States shall have the right to maintain on a regular basis, save in exceptional circumstances personal relations and direct contacts with both parents. Towards that end and in accordance with the obligation of States Parties under article 9, paragraph 1, States Parties shall respect the right of the child and his or her parents to leave any country, including their own, and to enter their own country. The right to leave any country shall be subject only to such restrictions as are prescribed by law and which are necessary to protect the national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present Convention.
22.1
States Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that a child who is seeking refugee status or who is considered a refugee in accordance with applicable international or domestic law and procedures shall, whether unaccompanied or accompanied by his or her parents or by any other person, receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance in the enjoyment of applicable rights set forth in the present Convention and in other international human rights or humanitarian instruments to which the said States are Parties.
22.2
For this purpose, States Parties shall provide, as they consider appropriate, co-operation in any efforts by the United Nations and other competent intergovernmental organizations or non-governmental organizations co-operating with the United Nations to protect and assist such a child and to trace the parents or other members of the family of any refugee child in order to obtain information necessary for reunification with his or her family. In cases where no parents or other members of the family can be found, the child shall be accorded the same protection as any other child permanently or temporarily deprived of his or her family environment for any reason , as set forth in the present Convention.
33
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures, including legislative, administrative, social and educational measures, to protect children from the illicit use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances as defined in the relevant international treaties, and to prevent the use of children in the illicit production and trafficking of such substances.
34 States Parties undertake to protect the child from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse. For these purposes, States Parties shall in particular take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent:
34.b
The exploitative use of children in prostitution or other unlawful sexual practices;
34 States Parties undertake to protect the child from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse. For these purposes, States Parties shall in particular take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent:
34.c
The exploitative use of children in pornographic performances and materials.
35
States Parties shall take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent the abduction of, the sale of or traffic in children for any purpose or in any form.
37 States Parties shall ensure that:
37.a
No child shall be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment without possibility of release shall be imposed for offences committed by persons below eighteen years of age;
37 States Parties shall ensure that:
37.b
No child shall be deprived of his or her liberty unlawfully or arbitrarily. The arrest, detention or imprisonment of a child shall be in conformity with the law and shall be used only as a measure of last resort and for the shortest appropriate period of time;
37 States Parties shall ensure that:
37.c
Every child deprived of liberty shall be treated with humanity and respect for the inherent dignity of the human person, and in a manner which takes into account the needs of persons of his or her age. In particular, every child deprived of liberty shall be separated from adults unless it is considered in the child's best interest not to do so and shall have the right to maintain contact with his or her family through correspondence and visits, save in exceptional circumstances;
37 States Parties shall ensure that:
37.d
Every child deprived of his or her liberty shall have the right to prompt access to legal and other appropriate assistance, as well as the right to challenge the legality of the deprivation of his or her liberty before a court or other competent, independent and impartial authority, and to a prompt decision on any such action.
CEDAW
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
6
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to suppress all forms of traffic in women and exploitation of prostitution of women.
CRPD
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
10
States Parties reaffirm that every human being has the inherent right to life and shall take all necessary measures to ensure its effective enjoyment by persons with disabilities on an equal basis with others.
16.1
States Parties shall take all appropriate legislative, administrative, social, educational and other measures to protect persons with disabilities, both within and outside the home, from all forms of exploitation, violence and abuse, including their gender-based aspects.
18.1 States Parties shall recognize the rights of persons with disabilities to liberty of movement, to freedom to choose their residence and to a nationality, on an equal basis with others, including by ensuring that persons with disabilities:
18.1.a
Have the right to acquire and change a nationality and are not deprived of their nationality arbitrarily or on the basis of disability;
18.1 States Parties shall recognize the rights of persons with disabilities to liberty of movement, to freedom to choose their residence and to a nationality, on an equal basis with others, including by ensuring that persons with disabilities:
18.1.b
Are not deprived, on the basis of disability, of their ability to obtain, possess and utilize documentation of their nationality or other documentation of identification, or to utilize relevant processes such as immigration proceedings, that may be needed to facilitate exercise of the right to liberty of movement;
18.1 States Parties shall recognize the rights of persons with disabilities to liberty of movement, to freedom to choose their residence and to a nationality, on an equal basis with others, including by ensuring that persons with disabilities:
18.1.c
Are free to leave any country, including their own;
18.1 States Parties shall recognize the rights of persons with disabilities to liberty of movement, to freedom to choose their residence and to a nationality, on an equal basis with others, including by ensuring that persons with disabilities:
18.1.d
Are not deprived, arbitrarily or on the basis of disability, of the right to enter their own country.
27.2
States Parties shall ensure that persons with disabilities are not held in slavery or in servitude, and are protected, on an equal basis with others, from forced or compulsory labour.
ICRMW
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
9
The right to life of migrant workers and members of their families shall be protected by law.
11.1
No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be held in slavery or servitude.
11.2
No migrant worker or member of his or her family shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour.
UNDRIP
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
7.1
Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and mental integrity, liberty and security of person.
17.2
States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment.
DEVAW
Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women
3 Women are entitled to the equal enjoyment and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field. These rights include, inter alia:
3.a
The right to life;
CTOC
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
Comment 1
The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime is the main international instrument in the fight against transnational organized crime. The Convention is further supplemented by three Protocols, inter alia the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air.
ILO 29
Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29)
ILO 29
ILO Convention No. 29 is a fundamental Convention that requires ratifying states to suppress the use of forced or compulsory labour in all its forms within the shortest possible period.
ILO Protocol 29
Protocol of 2014 to the ILO Convention 29
ILO Protocol 29
The 2014 Protocol to the Forced Labour Convention addresses gaps in implementation of the Forced Labour Convention, and reaffirms that measures of prevention, protection, and remedies, such as compensation and rehabilitation, are necessary to achieve the effective and sustained suppression of forced or compulsory labour, including in its contemporary forms.
ILO Rec 86
Migration for Employment Recommendation (revised), 1949 (No. 86)
ILO Rec 86
The Migration for Employment Recommendation (No. 86) supplements the Migration for Employment Convention (No. 97). The Recommendation (No. 86) focuses on information and assistance to migrants; recruitment and selection; equality of treatment in access to employment and supervision of conditions of employment. In addition, provisions aimed at protecting migrant workers against expulsion on account of their lack of means or the state of the employment market is also recommended.
ILO 97
Migration for Employment Convention (revised), 1949 (No. 97)
ILO 97
The Migration for Employment Convention (No. 97) requires ratifying states to facilitate international migration for employment by establishing and maintaining a free assistance and information service for migrant workers and taking measures against misleading propaganda relating to emigration and immigration. Includes provisions on appropriate medical services for migrant workers and the transfer of earnings and savings. States have to apply treatment no less favourable that that which applies to their own nationals in respect to a number of matters, including conditions of employment, freedom of association and social security.
ILO 105
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105)
ILO 105
This fundamental ILO Convention requires ratifying states to take effective measures to secure the immediate and complete abolition of forced or compulsory labour.
ILO 143
Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143)
ILO 143
The Migrant Workers Convention (No. 143) provides for measures to combat clandestine and illegal migration while at the same time setting forth the general obligation to respect the basic human rights of all migrant workers. It also extends the scope of equality between legally resident migrant workers and national workers beyond the provisions of the 1949 Convention to ensure equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of employment and occupation, social security, trade union and cultural rights, and individual and collective freedoms for persons who as migrant workers or as members of their families are lawfully within a ratifying state's territory. Calls upon ratifying states to facilitate the reunification of families of migrant workers legally residing in their territory.
ILO Rec 151
Migrant Workers Recommendation, 1975 (No. 151)
ILO Rec 151
The Migrant Workers Recommendation (No. 151) recommends a series of measures intended to supplement the provisions of the Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention (No. 143). The Recommendation (No. 86) focuses on equality of opportunity and treatment; social policy, hereunder reunification of families; protection of health of migrant workers and social services and employment and residence.
ILO 181
Private Employment Agencies Convention, 1997 (No. 181)
ILO 181
This ILO Convention concerns the operation of private employment agencies as well as the protection of the workers using their services.
ILO 182
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182)
ILO 182
This fundamental ILO Convention requires states to eliminate the worst forms of child labour; to provide direct assistance for the removal of children from the worst forms of child labour and for their rehabilitation and social integration.
ILO Rec 203
Forced Labour (Supplementary Measures) Recommendation, 2014 (No. 203)
ILO Rec 203
This recommendation recommends ILO member states to establish or strengthen: a) national policies and plans of action with time-bound measures using a gender- and child-sensitive approach to achieve the effective and sustained suppression of forced or compulsory labour in all its forms through prevention, protection and access to remedies, such as compensation of victims, and the sanctioning of perpetrators; and b) competent authorities such as the labour inspectorates, the judiciary and national bodies or other institutional mechanisms that are concerned with forced or compulsory labour, to ensure the development, coordination, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the national policies and plans of action.
ECHR
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
4.1
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude.
4.2
No one shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour.
ECHR Protocol No. 4
Protocol No. 4 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
2.1
Everyone lawfully within the territory of a State shall, within that territory, have the right to liberty of movement and freedom to choose his residence.
2.2
Everyone shall be free to leave any country, including his own.
2.3
No restrictions shall be placed on the exercise of these rights other than such as are in accordance with law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, for the maintenance of ordre public, for the prevention of crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
4
Collective expulsion of aliens is prohibited.
ECHR Protocol No. 7
Protocol No. 7 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
1.1
An alien lawfully resident in the territory of a State shall not be expelled therefrom except in pursuance of a decision reached in accordance with law and shall be allowed:
1.1.a
to submit reasons against his expulsion,
1.1.b
to have his case reviewed,
1.1.c
to be represented for these purposes before the competent authority or a person or persons designated by that authority.
1.2
An alien may be expelled before the exercise of his rights under paragraph 1.(a), (b) and (c) of this Article, when such expulsion is necessary in the interests of public order or is grounded on reasons of national security.
European Social Charter
European Social Charter (Revised)
Part II
The Parties undertake, as provided for in Part III, to consider themselves bound by the obligations laid down in the following articles and paragraphs.
Part#II.19
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right of migrant workers and their families to protection and assistance in the territory of any other Party, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.19.1
to maintain or to satisfy themselves that there are maintained adequate and free services to assist such workers, particularly in obtaining accurate information, and to take all appropriate steps, so far as national laws and regulations permit, against misleading propaganda relating to emigration and immigration;
Part#II.19.2
to adopt appropriate measures within their own jurisdiction to facilitate the departure, journey and reception of such workers and their families, and to provide, within their own jurisdiction, appropriate services for health, medical attention and good hygienic conditions during the journey;
Part#II.19.3
to promote co-operation, as appropriate, between social services, public and private, in emigration and immigration countries;
Part#II.19.4
to secure for such workers lawfully within their territories, insofar as such matters are regulated by law or regulations or are subject to the control of administrative authorities, treatment not less favourable than that of their own nationals in respect of the following matters:
Part#II.19.4.a
remuneration and other employment and working conditions;
Part#II.19.4.b
membership of trade unions and enjoyment of the benefits of collective bargaining;
Part#II.19.4.c
accommodation;
Part#II.19.5
to secure for such workers lawfully within their territories treatment not less favourable than that of their own nationals with regard to employment taxes, dues or contributions payable in respect of employed persons;
Part#II.19.6
to facilitate as far as possible the reunion of the family of a foreign worker permitted to establish himself in the territory;
Part#II.19.7
to secure for such workers lawfully within their territories treatment not less favourable than that of their own nationals in respect of legal proceedings relating to matters referred to in this article;
Part#II.19.8
to secure that such workers lawfully residing within their territories are not expelled unless they endanger national security or offend against public interest or morality;
Part#II.19.9
to permit, within legal limits, the transfer of such parts of the earnings and savings of such workers as they may desire;
Part#II.19.10
to extend the protection and assistance provided for in this article to self-employed migrants insofar as such measures apply;
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
1
The protection of national minorities and of the rights and freedoms of persons belonging to those minorities forms an integral part of the international protection of human rights, and as such falls within the scope of international co-operation.
17.1
The Parties undertake not to interfere with the right of persons belonging to national minorities to establish and maintain free and peaceful contacts across frontiers with persons lawfully staying in other States, in particular those with whom they share an ethnic, cultural, linguistic or religious identity, or a common cultural heritage.
18.1
The Parties shall endeavour to conclude, where necessary, bilateral and multilateral agreements with other States, in particular neighbouring States, in order to ensure the protection of persons belonging to the national minorities concerned.
18.2
Where relevant, the Parties shall take measures to encourage transfrontier co-operation.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
4.1
Every person has the right to have his life respected. This right shall be protected by law and, in general, from the moment of conception. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life.
6.1
No one shall be subject to slavery or to involuntary servitude, which are prohibited in all their forms, as are the slave trade and traffic in women.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
16
Every child, whatever his parentage, has the right to the protection that his status as a minor requires from his family, society and the State. Every child has the right to grow under the protection and responsibility of his parents; save in exceptional, judicially-recognized circumstances, a child of young age ought not to be separated from his mother. Every child has the right to free and compulsory education, at least in the elementary phase, and to continue his training at higher levels of the educational system.
Convention of Belém do Pará
Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against Women
9
With respect to the adoption of the measures in this Chapter, the States Parties shall take special account of the vulnerability of women to violence by reason of, among others, their race or ethnic background or their status as migrants, refugees or displaced persons. Similar consideration shall be given to women subjected to violence while pregnant or who are disabled, of minor age, elderly, socioeconomically disadvantaged, affected by armed conflict or deprived of their freedom.
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
4
Human beings are inviolable. Every human being shall be entitled to respect for his life and the integrity of his person. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of this right.
5
Every individual shall have the right to the respect of the dignity inherent in a human being and to the recognition of his legal status. All forms of exploitation and degradation of man particularly slavery, slave trade, torture, cruel, inhuman of degrading punishment and treatment shall be prohibited.
6
Every individual shall have the right to liberty and to the security of his person. No one may be deprived of his freedom except for reasons and conditions previously laid down by law. In particular, no one may be arbitrarily arrested or detained.
12.1
Every individual shall have the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of a State provided he abides by the law.
12.2
Every individual shall have the right to leave any country including his own, and to return to his country. This right may only be subject to restrictions, provided for by law for the protection of national security, law and order, public health or morality.
12.3
Every individual shall have the right, when persecuted, to seek and obtain asylum in other countries in accordance with laws of those countries and International conventions.
12.4
A non-national legally admitted in a territory of a State Party to the present Charter, may only by expelled from it by virtue of a decision taken in accordance with the law.
12.5
The mass expulsion of non-nationals shall be prohibited. Mass expulsion shall be that which is aimed at national, racial, ethnic or religions groups.
ACRWC
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
5.1
Every child has an inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law.
5.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall ensure, to the maximum extent possible, the survival, protection and development of the child.
17.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall in particular:
17.2.a
ensure that no child who is detained or imprisoned or otherwise deprived of his/her liberty is subjected to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment;
23.1
State Parties to the present Charter shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that a child who is seeking refugee status or who is considered a refugee in accordance with applicable international or domestic law shall, whether unaccompanied or accompanied by parents, legal guardians or close relatives, receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance in the enjoyment of the rights set out in this Charter and other international human rights and humanitarian instruments to which the States are Parties.
23.2
State Parties shall undertake to cooperate with existing international organizations which protect and assist refugees in their efforts to protect and assist such a child and to trace the parents or other close relatives or an unaccompanied refugee child in order to obtain information necessary for reunification with the family.
23.3
Where no parents, legal guardians or close relatives can be found, the child shall be accorded the same protection as any other child permanently or temporarily deprived of his family environment for any reason.
23.4
The provisions of this Article apply mutatis mutandis to internally displaced children whether through natural disaster, internal armed conflicts, civil strife, breakdown of economic and social order or howsoever caused.
29.1
State Parties to the present Charter shall take appropriate measures to prevent:
29.1.a
the abduction, sale of, or traffic in children for any purpose or in any form, by any person including parents or legal guardians of the child;
29.1.b
the use of children in all forms of begging.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
4.2
States Parties shall take appropriate and effective measures to:
4.2.g
prevent and condemn trafficking in women, prosecute the perpetrators of such trafficking and protect those women most at risk;