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Targets instruments
Instrument Article / Description Target Indicator
UDHR
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 		27.1
Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
28
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
ICESCR
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 		2.1
Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take steps, individually and through international assistance and co-operation, especially economic and technical, to the maximum of its available resources, with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of the rights recognized in the present Covenant by all appropriate means, including particularly the adoption of legislative measures.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.1
The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, including adequate food, clothing and housing, and to the continuous improvement of living conditions. The States Parties will take appropriate steps to ensure the realization of this right, recognizing to this effect the essential importance of international co-operation based on free consent.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
15.1.b
To enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications;
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
15.2
The steps to be taken by the States Parties to the present Covenant to achieve the full realization of this right shall include those necessary for the conservation, the development and the diffusion of science and culture.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
15.3
The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to respect the freedom indispensable for scientific research and creative activity.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
15.4
The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the benefits to be derived from the encouragement and development of international contacts and co-operation in the scientific and cultural fields.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean 		6.12
Each Party shall take the necessary measures, through legal or administrative frameworks, among others, to promote access to environmental information in the possession of private entities, in particular information on their operations and the possible risks and effects on human health and the environment.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.1
The Parties shall cooperate to strengthen their national capacities with the aim of implementing the present Agreement in an effective manner.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.2
The Parties shall give particular consideration to least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States from Latin America and the Caribbean.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.3
For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as:
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.3.a
discussions, workshops, expert exchanges, technical assistance, education and observatories;
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.3.b
developing, sharing and implementing educational, training and awareness-raising materials and programmes;
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.3.c
sharing experiences of voluntary codes of conduct, guidelines, good practices and standards;
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.3.d
committees, councils and forums of multisectoral development stakeholders to address cooperation priorities and activities.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.4
The Parties shall encourage partnerships with States from other regions, intergovernmental, non-governmental, academic and private organizations, as well as civil society organizations and other relevant stakeholders to implement the present Agreement.
7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
11.5
The Parties recognize that regional cooperation and information-sharing shall be promoted in relation to all aspects of illicit activities against the environment.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador) 		14.4
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize the benefits to be derived from the encouragement and development of international cooperation and relations in the fields of science, arts and culture, and accordingly agree to foster greater international cooperation in these fields.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
UNFCCC
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 		4.1
All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, shall:
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
4.1.c
Promote and cooperate in the development, application and diffusion, including transfer, of technologies, practices and processes that control, reduce or prevent anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol in all relevant sectors, including the energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry and waste management sectors;
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
4.5
The developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II shall take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and knowhow to other Parties, particularly developing country Parties, to enable them to implement the provisions of the Convention. In this process, the developed country Parties shall support the development and enhancement of endogenous capacities and technologies of developing country Parties. Other Parties and organizations in a position to do so may also assist in facilitating the transfer of such technologies.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
Paris Agreement
Paris Agreement 		6.8
Parties recognize the importance of integrated, holistic and balanced non-market approaches being available to Parties to assist in the implementation of their nationally determined contributions, in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a coordinated and effective manner, including through, inter alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology transfer and capacitybuilding, as appropriate. These approaches shall aim to:
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
6.8.a
Promote mitigation and adaptation ambition;
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
6.8.b
Enhance public and private sector participation in the implementation of nationally determined contributions;
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
6.8.c
Enable opportunities for coordination across instruments and relevant institutional arrangements.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
10.2
Parties, noting the importance of technology for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions under this Agreement and recognizing existing technology deployment and dissemination efforts, shall strengthen cooperative action on technology development and transfer.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
10.5
Accelerating, encouraging and enabling innovation is critical for an effective, long-term global response to climate change and promoting economic growth and sustainable development. Such effort shall be, as appropriate, supported, including by the Technology Mechanism and, through financial means, by the Financial Mechanism of the Convention, for collaborative approaches to research and development, and facilitating access to technology, in particular for early stages of the technology cycle, to developing country Parties.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems
10.6
Support, including financial support, shall be provided to developing country Parties for the implementation of this Article, including for strengthening cooperative action on technology development and transfer at different stages of the technology cycle, with a view to achieving a balance between support for mitigation and adaptation. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall take into account available information on efforts related to support on technology development and transfer for developing country Parties.
 7.a (7. Affordable and clean energy)

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.
7.a.1 International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems