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Targets instruments
Instrument Article / Description Target Indicator
ICCPR
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 		1.2
All peoples may, for their own ends, freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources without prejudice to any obligations arising out of international economic co-operation, based upon the principle of mutual benefit, and international law. In no case may a people be deprived of its own means of subsistence.
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
ICESCR
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 		1.2
All peoples may, for their own ends, freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources without prejudice to any obligations arising out of international economic co-operation, based upon the principle of mutual benefit, and international law. In no case may a people be deprived of its own means of subsistence.
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
12.1
The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
12.2.b
The improvement of all aspects of environmental and industrial hygiene;
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
UNDRIP
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 		26.1
Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or otherwise used or acquired.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
26.2
Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by reason of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
29.1
Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and protection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands or territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
29.2
States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean 		4.3
Each Party shall adopt the necessary measures, of a legislative, regulatory, administrative or any other nature, in the framework of its domestic provisions, to guarantee the implementation of the provisions of the present Agreement.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
5.2
The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
5.2.a
requesting and receiving information from competent authorities without mentioning any special interest or explaining the reasons for the request;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
5.2.b
being informed promptly whether the requested information is in possession or not of the competent authority receiving the request;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
5.2.c
being informed of the right to challenge and appeal when information is not delivered, and of the requirements for exercising this right.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
5.3
Each Party shall facilitate access to environmental information for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, establishing procedures for the provision of assistance, from the formulation of requests through to the delivery of the information, taking into account their conditions and specificities, for the purpose of promoting access and participation under equal conditions.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
5.4
Each Party shall guarantee that the above-mentioned persons or groups in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples and ethnic groups, receive assistance in preparing their requests and obtain a response.
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.3.e
information on the use and conservation of natural resources and ecosystem services;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.3.f
scientific, technical or technological reports, studies and information on environmental matters produced by academic and research institutions, whether public or private, national or foreign;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.3.g
climate change sources aimed at building national capacities;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.3
Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.7
Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.7.a
information on the state of the environment and natural resources, including quantitative data, where possible;
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
6.7.z
Such reports shall be drafted in an easily comprehensible manner and accessible to the public in different formats and disseminated through appropriate means, taking into account cultural realities. Each Party may invite the public to make contributions to these reports.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.f
acknowledge the importance of associations, organizations or groups that train the public on or raise public awareness of access rights;
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2
Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.g
strengthen capabilities to collect, retain and evaluate environmental information.
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.a
train authorities and civil servants on environmental access rights;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.b
develop and strengthen environmental law and access rights awareness-raising and capacity-building programmes for, inter alia, the public, judicial and administrative officials, national human rights institutions and jurists;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.c
provide the competent institutions and entities with adequate equipment and resources;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.d
promote education and training on, and raise public awareness of, environmental matters, through, inter alia, basic educational modules on access rights for students at all levels of education;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
10.2.e
develop specific measures for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, such as providing interpreters or translators in languages other than official languages when necessary;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador) 		11.2
The States Parties shall promote the protection, preservation, and improvement of the environment.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 		21.1
All peoples shall freely dispose of their wealth and natural resources. This right shall be exercised in the exclusive interest of the people. In no case shall a people be deprived of it.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
22.2
States shall have the duty, individually or collectively, to ensure the exercise of the right to development.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
24
All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa 		18.1
Women shall have the right to live in a healthy and sustainable environment.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
18.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
18.2.c
protect and enable the development of women’s indigenous knowledge systems;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
UNFCCC
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 		3
In their actions to achieve the objective of the Convention and to implement its provisions, the Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the following:
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
3.3
The Parties should take precautionary measures to anticipate, prevent or minimize the causes of climate change and mitigate its adverse effects. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing such measures, taking into account that policies and measures to deal with climate change should be cost-effective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost. To achieve this, such policies and measures should take into account different socio-economic contexts, be comprehensive, cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases and adaptation, and comprise all economic sectors. Efforts to address climate change may be carried out cooperatively by interested Parties.
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
4.1
All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, shall:
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
4.1.d
Promote sustainable management, and promote and cooperate in the conservation and enhancement, as appropriate, of sinks and reservoirs of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, including biomass, forests and oceans as well as other terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
4.2.a
Each of these Parties shall adopt national policies and take corresponding measures on the mitigation of climate change, by limiting its anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and protecting and enhancing its greenhouse gas sinks and reservoirs. These policies and measures will demonstrate that developed countries are taking the lead in modifying longer-term trends in anthropogenic emissions consistent with the objective of the Convention, recognizing that the return by the end of the present decade to earlier levels of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol would contribute to such modification, and taking into account the differences in these Parties' starting points and approaches, economic structures and resource bases, the need to maintain strong and sustainable economic growth, available technologies and other individual circumstances, as well as the need for equitable and appropriate contributions by each of these Parties to the global effort regarding that objective. These Parties may implement such policies and measures jointly with other Parties and may assist other Parties in contributing to the achievement of the objective of the Convention and, in particular, that of this subparagraph;
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
4.2
The developed country Parties and other Parties included in Annex I commit themselves specifically as provided for in the following:
 15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
UNCCD
UN Convention to Combat Desertification 		The entire convention is relevant
The UN Convention to Combat desertification is relevant to this Target in its entirety.
15.3 (15. Life on land)

By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.
15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area