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الأهداف المقاصد الآليات وصف المقال
14

حفظ المحيطات والبحار والموارد البحرية واستخدامها على نحو مستدام لتحقيق التنمية المستدامة.

14.5

حفظ 10 في المائة على الأقل من المناطق الساحلية والبحرية، بما يتسق مع القانون الوطني والدولي واستنادا إلى أفضل المعلومات العلمية المتاحة، بحلول عام 2020.

Indicators
14.5.1
تغطية المناطق المحمية فيما يتعلق بالمناطق البحرية.
 إعلان الأمم المتحدة بشأن حقوق الشعوب الأصلية 29.1 للشعوب الأصلية الحق في حفظ وحماية البيئة والقدرة الإنتاجية لأراضيها أو أقاليمها ومواردها. وعلى الدول أن تضع وتنفذ برامج لمساعدة الشعوب الأصلية في تدابير الحفظ والحماية هذه، دونما تمييز.
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean 4.3 Each Party shall adopt the necessary measures, of a legislative, regulatory, administrative or any other nature, in the framework of its domestic provisions, to guarantee the implementation of the provisions of the present Agreement.
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.e information on the use and conservation of natural resources and ecosystem services;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.f scientific, technical or technological reports, studies and information on environmental matters produced by academic and research institutions, whether public or private, national or foreign;
6.3 Each Party shall have in place one or more up-to-date environmental information systems, which may include, inter alia:
6.3.g climate change sources aimed at building national capacities;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.a information on the state of the environment and natural resources, including quantitative data, where possible;
6.7 Each Party shall use its best endeavours to publish and disseminate at regular intervals, not exceeding five years, a national report on the state of the environment, which may contain:
6.7.z Such reports shall be drafted in an easily comprehensible manner and accessible to the public in different formats and disseminated through appropriate means, taking into account cultural realities. Each Party may invite the public to make contributions to these reports.
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.a train authorities and civil servants on environmental access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.b develop and strengthen environmental law and access rights awareness-raising and capacity-building programmes for, inter alia, the public, judicial and administrative officials, national human rights institutions and jurists;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.c provide the competent institutions and entities with adequate equipment and resources;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.d promote education and training on, and raise public awareness of, environmental matters, through, inter alia, basic educational modules on access rights for students at all levels of education;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.e develop specific measures for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, such as providing interpreters or translators in languages other than official languages when necessary;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.f acknowledge the importance of associations, organizations or groups that train the public on or raise public awareness of access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.g strengthen capabilities to collect, retain and evaluate environmental information.
11.3 For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as:
11.3 For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as:
11.3.a discussions, workshops, expert exchanges, technical assistance, education and observatories;
11.3 For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as:
11.3.b developing, sharing and implementing educational, training and awareness-raising materials and programmes;
11.3 For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as:
11.3.c sharing experiences of voluntary codes of conduct, guidelines, good practices and standards;
11.3 For the purposes of implementing paragraph 2 of the present article, the Parties shall promote activities and mechanisms, such as:
11.3.d committees, councils and forums of multisectoral development stakeholders to address cooperation priorities and activities.
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador) 11.2 The States Parties shall promote the protection, preservation, and improvement of the environment.
الميثاق الأفريقي لحقوق الإنسان والشعوب 24 All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development.
بروتوكول الميثاق الأفريقي لحقوق الإنسان والشعوب بشأن حقوق المرأة 18.1 Women shall have the right to live in a healthy and sustainable environment.
اتفاقية التنوع البيولوجي 8 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8.a Establish a system of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity;
8.b Develop, where necessary, guidelines for the selection, establishment and management of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity;
8.c Regulate or manage biological resources important for the conservation of biological diversity whether within or outside protected areas, with a view to ensuring their conservation and sustainable use;
8.d Promote the protection of ecosystems, natural habitats and the maintenance of viable populations of species in natural surroundings;
8.e Promote environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas adjacent to protected areas with a view to furthering protection of these areas;
8.f Rehabilitate and restore degraded ecosystems and promote the recovery of threatened species, inter alia, through the development and implementation of plans or other management strategies;
8.g Establish or maintain means to regulate, manage or control the risks associated with the use and release of living modified organisms resulting from biotechnology which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account the risks to human health;
8.h Prevent the introduction of, control or eradicate those alien species which threaten ecosystems, habitats or species;
8.i Endeavour to provide the conditions needed for compatibility between present uses and the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components;
8 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8-(ي) Subject to its national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices;
8 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8.k Develop or maintain necessary legislation and/or other regulatory provisions for the protection of threatened species and populations
8.l Where a significant adverse effect on biological diversity has been determined pursuant to Article 7, regulate or manage the relevant processes and categories of activities
8.m Cooperate in providing financial and other support for in-situ conservation outlined in subparagraphs (a) to (1) above, particularly to developing countries
اتفاقية اﻷمم المتحدة لمكافحة التصحر 2.1 الهدف من هذه الاتفاقية هو مكافحة التصحر وتخفيف آثار اجلفاف في البلدان التي تعاني من اجلفاف الشديد و/أو من التصحر، وبخاصة في أفريقيا، وذلك عن طريق اتخاذ إجراءات فعالة على جميع الأصعدة، مدعومة بتعاون دولي وترتيبات شراكة، في إطار نهج متكامل متسق مع جدول أعمال القرن 21 ،بهدف الإسهام في حتقيق التنمية املستدامة في املناطق املتأثرة.
2.2 سينطوي حتقيق هذا الهدف على الأخذ باستراتيجيات متكاملة طويلة الأجل تركز في آن واحد، في املناطق املتأثرة، على حتسني إنتاجية الأراضي، وإعادة تأهيلها، وحفظ املوارد من الأراضي واملوارد املائية وإدارتها إدارة مستدامة، مما يؤدي إلى حتسني أحوال املعيشة، ولا سيما على مستوى اجملتمعات احمللية.
3 حتقيقا لهدف هذه الاتفاقية وتنفيذا لأحكامها، تسترشد الأطراف بجملة أمور منها ما يلي:
3.c ينبغي للأطراف أن تطور، بروح من الشراكة، التعاون فيما بني كل مستويات احلكومة واجملتمعات احمللية واملنظمات غير احلكومية وحائزي الأراضي لتهيئة فهم أفضل لطبيعة وقيمة الأراضي واملوارد املائية الشحيحة في املناطق املتأثرة والعمل من أجل استخدامها على نحو مستدام
4.2 تقوم الأطراف، في سعيها إلى حتقيق هدف هذه الاتفاقية، مبا يلي:
4.2.d содействуют сотрудничеству между затрагиваемыми странами - Сторонами Конвенции в областях охраны окружающей среды и сохранения земельных и водных ресурсов, поскольку это способствует борьбе с опустыниванием и засухой;
10.4 مع مراعاة الظروف والاحتياجات التي ينفرد بها كل طرف من البلدان املتأثرة، تتضمن برامج العمل الوطنية، حسبما كان مناسبا، في جملة أمور، تدابير في بعض أو كل امليادين التالية ذات الأولوية، من حيث صلتها مبكافحة التصحر وتخفيف آثار اجلفاف في املناطق املتأثرة وصلتها بسكانها: تشجيع وسائل بديلة لكسب العيش وحتسني البيئة الاقتصادية الوطنية بغية دعم البرامج الرامية إلــى استئصال شأفة الفقر وإلى ضمان الأمن الغذائي؛ والديناميات السكانية؛ والإدارة املستدامة للموارد الطبيعية؛ واملمارسات الزراعية املستدامة؛ وتطوير شتى مصادر الطاقة واستخدامها بكفاءة؛ والأطر املؤسسية والقانونية؛ وتقوية القدرات في مجالي التقييم واملراقبة املنهجية، مبا في ذلك اخلدمات الهيدرولوجية وخدمات الأرصاد اجلوية، وبناء القدرات، والتثقيف وتوعية اجلمهور.
اتفاقية رامسار بشأن الأراضي الرطبة ذات الأهمية الدولية وخاصة بوصفها موئلاً للطيور المائية 3.1 The Contracting Parties shall formulate and implement their planning so as to promote the conservation of the wetlands included in the List, and as far as possible the wise use of wetlands in their territory.
4.1 Each Contracting Party shall promote the conservation of wetlands and waterfowl by establishing nature reserves on wetlands, whether they are included in the List or not, and provide adequately for their wardening.
4.2 Where a Contracting Party in its urgent national interest, deletes or restricts the boundaries of a wetland included in the List, it should as far as possible compensate for any loss of wetland resources, and in particular it should create additional nature reserves for waterfowl and for the protection, either in the same area or elsewhere, of an adequate portion of the original habitat.
4.3 The Contracting Parties shall encourage research and the exchange of data and publications regarding wetlands and their flora and fauna.
4.4 The Contracting Parties shall endeavour through management to increase waterfowl populations on appropriate wetlands.
4.5 The Contracting Parties shall promote the training of personnel competent in the fields of wetland research, management and wardening.
اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لقانون البحار 61.2 The coastal State, taking into account the best scientific evidence available to it, shall ensure through proper conservation and management measures that the maintenance of the living resources in the exclusive economic zone is not endangered by over-exploitation. As appropriate, the coastal State and competent international organizations, whether subregional, regional or global, shall cooperate to this end.
192 الدول ملزمة بحماية البيئة البحرية والحفاظ عليها.
193 States have the sovereign right to exploit their natural resources pursuant to their environmental policies and in accordance with their duty to protect and preserve the marine environment.
194.1 States shall take, individually or jointly as appropriate, all measures consistent with this Convention that are necessary to prevent, reduce and control pollution of the marine environment from any source, using for this purpose the best practicable means at their disposal and in accordance with their capabilities, and they shall endeavour to harmonize their policies in this connection.
194.2 States shall take all measures necessary to ensure that activities under their jurisdiction or control are so conducted as not to cause damage by pollution to other States and their environment, and that pollution arising from incidents or activities under their jurisdiction or control does not spread beyond the areas where they exercise sovereign rights in accordance with this Convention.
194.5 The measures taken in accordance with this Part shall include those necessary to protect and preserve rare or fragile ecosystems as well as the habitat of depleted, threatened or endangered species and other forms of marine life.