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الأهداف المقاصد الآليات وصف المقال
مياه ومرافق نظيفة

6. مياه ومرافق نظيفة

 6.(ب)

دعم وتعزيز مشاركة المجتمعات المحلية في تحسين إدارة المياه والصرف الصحي.

Indicators (ar)
  • 6.b.1
    النسبة المئوية للوحدات الإدارية المحلية التي لديها سياسات وإجراءات تنفيذية راسخة فيما يتعلق بمشاركة المجتمعات المحلية في إدارة المياه والصرف الصحي.
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean
4.5
Each Party shall ensure that guidance and assistance is provided to the public —particularly those persons or groups in vulnerable situations— in order to facilitate the exercise of their access rights.
10.2
Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
7.1
Each Party shall ensure the public’s right to participation and, for that purpose, commits to implement open and inclusive participation in environmental decision-making processes based on domestic and international normative frameworks.
7.2
Each Party shall guarantee mechanisms for the participation of the public in decision-making processes, revisions, re-examinations or updates with respect to projects and activities, and in other processes for granting environmental permits that have or may have a significant impact on the environment, including when they may affect health.
7.3
Each Party shall promote the participation of the public in decision-making processes, revisions, re-examinations or updates other than those referred to in paragraph 2 of the present article with respect to environmental matters of public interest, such as land-use planning, policies, strategies, plans, programmes, rules and regulations, which have or may have a significant impact on the environment.
5.2.a
requesting and receiving information from competent authorities without mentioning any special interest or explaining the reasons for the request;
5.2
The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.4
Each Party shall guarantee that the above-mentioned persons or groups in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples and ethnic groups, receive assistance in preparing their requests and obtain a response.
5.2.b
being informed promptly whether the requested information is in possession or not of the competent authority receiving the request;
5.2.c
being informed of the right to challenge and appeal when information is not delivered, and of the requirements for exercising this right.
5.3
Each Party shall facilitate access to environmental information for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, establishing procedures for the provision of assistance, from the formulation of requests through to the delivery of the information, taking into account their conditions and specificities, for the purpose of promoting access and participation under equal conditions.
7.4
Each Party shall adopt measures to ensure that the public can participate in the decision-making process from the early stages, so that due consideration can be given to the observations of the public, thus contributing to the process. To that effect, each Party shall provide the public with the necessary information in a clear, timely and comprehensive manner, to give effect to its right to participate in the decision-making process.
7.6.b
the authority responsible for making the decision and other authorities and bodies involved;
7.6.d
the public authorities involved from which additional information on the environmental decision under consideration can be requested and the procedure for requesting information.
7.6.c
the procedure foreseen for the participation of the public, including the date on which the procedure will begin and end, mechanisms for participation and, where applicable, the date and place of any public consultation or hearing; and
7.10
Each Party shall establish conditions that are favourable to public participation in environmental decision-making processes and that are adapted to the social, economic, cultural, geographical and gender characteristics of the public.
7.9
The dissemination of the decisions resulting from environmental impact assessments and other environmental decision-making processes in which the public has participated shall be carried out through appropriate means, which may include written, electronic or oral means and customary methods, in an effective and prompt manner. The information disseminated shall include the established procedure to allow the public to take the relevant administrative and judicial actions.
7.13
Each Party shall encourage the establishment of appropriate spaces for consultation on environmental matters or the use of those that are already in existence in which various groups and sectors are able to participate. Each Party shall promote regard for local knowledge, dialogue and interaction of different views and knowledge, where appropriate.
7.17.a
a description of the area of influence and physical and technical characteristics of the proposed project or activity;
7.17.d
a summary of (a), (b) and (c) of the present paragraph in comprehensible, non-technical language;
7.17.b
a description of the main environmental impacts of the project or activity and, as appropriate, the cumulative environmental impact;
7.17.c
a description of the measures foreseen with respect to those impacts;
7.5
The public participation procedure will provide for reasonable timeframes that allow sufficient time to inform the public and for its effective participation.
7.6
The public shall be informed, through appropriate means, such as in writing, electronically, orally and by customary methods, and in an effective, comprehensible and timely manner, as a minimum, of the following:
7.6.a
the type or nature of the environmental decision under consideration and, where appropriate, in non-technical language;
7.7
The public’s right to participate in environmental decision-making processes shall include the opportunity to present observations through appropriate means available, according to the circumstances of the process. Before adopting the decision, the relevant public authority shall give due consideration to the outcome of the participation process.
7.8
Each Party shall ensure that, once a decision has been made, the public is informed in a timely manner thereof and of the grounds and reasons underlying the decision, including how the observations of the public have been taken into consideration. The decision and its basis shall be made public and be accessible.
7.11
When the primary language of the directly affected public is different to the official languages, the public authority shall ensure that means are provided to facilitate their understanding and participation.
7.12
Each Party shall promote, where appropriate and in accordance with domestic legislation, public participation in international forums and negotiations on environmental matters or with an environmental impact, in accordance with the procedural rules on participation of each forum. The participation of the public at the national level on matters of international environmental forums shall also be promoted, where appropriate.
7.14
The public authorities shall make efforts to identify and support persons or groups in vulnerable situations in order to engage them in an active, timely and effective manner in participation mechanisms. For these purposes, appropriate means and formats will be considered, in order to eliminate barriers to participation.
7.16
The public authority shall make efforts to identify the public directly affected by the projects or activities that have or may have a significant impact on the environment and shall promote specific actions to facilitate their participation.
7.15
In the implementation of the present Agreement, each Party shall guarantee that its domestic legislation and international obligations in relation to the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities are observed.
7.17
With respect to the environmental decision-making processes referred to in paragraph 2 of the present article, as a minimum, the following information shall be made public:
7.17.e
the public reports and opinions of the involved entities addressed to the public authority related to the project or activity under consideration;
7.17.f
a description of the available technologies to be used and alternative locations for executing the project or activity subject to assessment, when the information is available; and
7.17.g
actions taken to monitor the implementation and results of environmental impact assessment measures.
7.17.z
The aforementioned information shall be made available free of charge to the public in accordance with paragraph 17 of article 5 of the present Agreement.
10.2.b
develop and strengthen environmental law and access rights awareness-raising and capacity-building programmes for, inter alia, the public, judicial and administrative officials, national human rights institutions and jurists;
10.2.f
acknowledge the importance of associations, organizations or groups that train the public on or raise public awareness of access rights;
10.2.e
develop specific measures for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, such as providing interpreters or translators in languages other than official languages when necessary;
10.2.d
promote education and training on, and raise public awareness of, environmental matters, through, inter alia, basic educational modules on access rights for students at all levels of education;
13
Each Party, to the extent of its ability and in accordance with its national priorities, commits to provide the resources for national activities that are needed to fulfil the obligations derived from the present Agreement.
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
15
The Parties shall create the conditions necessary for the effective participation of persons belonging to national minorities in cultural, social and economic life and in public affairs, in particular those affecting them.
الميثاق الأفريقي بشأن حقوق ورفاهية الطفل
الميثاق الأفريقي بشأن حقوق ورفاهية الطفل
14.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall undertake to pursue the full implementation of this right and in particular shall take measures:
14.2.i
to ensure the meaningful participation of non-governmental organizations, local communities and the beneficiary population in the planning and management of basic service programmes for children;
بروتوكول الميثاق الأفريقي لحقوق الإنسان والشعوب بشأن حقوق المرأة
بروتوكول الميثاق الأفريقي لحقوق الإنسان والشعوب بشأن حقوق المرأة
18.2.a
ensure greater participation of women in the planning, management and preservation of the environment and the sustainable use of natural resources at all levels;
18.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
19
Women shall have the right to fully enjoy their right to sustainable development. In this connection, the States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
19.b
ensure participation of women at all levels in the conceptualisation, decision-making, implementation and evaluation of development policies and programmes;
اتفاقية اﻷمم المتحدة لمكافحة التصحر
اتفاقية اﻷمم المتحدة لمكافحة التصحر
3.a
ينبغي للأطراف أن تضمن أن يكون اتخاذ القرارات املتعلقة بتصميم وتنفيذ برامج مكافحة التصحر و/أو تخفيف آثار اجلفاف قائما على مشاركة السكان واجملتمعات احمللية وأن يجري إيجاد بيئة متكينية على املستويات الأعلى لتسهيل العمل على الصعيدين الوطني واحمللي؛
3
حتقيقا لهدف هذه الاتفاقية وتنفيذا لأحكامها، تسترشد الأطراف بجملة أمور منها ما يلي:
5
تتعهد الأطراف من البلدان املتأثرة، بالإضافة إلى التزاماتها عملا باملادة ٤ ،مبا يلي:
5.d
تعزيز وعي السكان احملليني، ولا سيما النساء والشباب، وتيسير مشاركتهم، بدعم من املنظمات غير احلكومية، في اجلهود الرامية إلى مكافحة التصحر وتخفيف آثار اجلفاف؛
10.2.f
أن تتيح املشاركة الفعالة على الأصعدة احمللية والوطنية والاقليمية من جانب املنظمات غيراحلكومية والسكان احملليني، نساء ورجالا على السواء، ولا سيما مستعملو املوارد، مبا في ذلك املزارعون واملشتغلون بالرعي واملنظمات املمثلة لهم، في تخطيط السياسات وصنع القرارات وتنفيذ واستعراض برامج العمل الوطنية؛
10.2
حتدد برامج العمل الوطنية أدوار كل من احلكومات واجملتمعات احمللية ومستعملي الأراضي، وحتدد كذلك املوارد املتاحة واللازمة. ويجب أن تتوخى برامج العمل الوطنية، في جملة أمور، ما يلي:
ICCPR
العهد الدولي الخاص بالحقوق المدنية والسياسية
25-(أ)
أن يشارك في إدارة الشؤون العامة، إما مباشرة وإما بواسطة ممثلين يختارون في حرية،
UNDRIP
إعلان الأمم المتحدة بشأن حقوق الشعوب الأصلية
23
للشعوب الأصلية الحق في تحديد وتطوير أولويات واستراتيجيات من أجل ممارسة حقها في التنمية. وللشعوب الأصلية الحق بصفة خاصة في أن تشارك مشاركة نشطة في تطوير وتحديد برامج الصحة والإسكان وغيرها من البرامج الاقتصادية والاجتماعية التي تمسها، وأن تضطلع، قدر المستطاع، بإدارة تلك البرامج من خلال مؤسساتها الخاصة.
32.2
على الدول أن تتشاور وتتعاون بحسن نية مع الشعوب الأصلية المعنية من خلال المؤسسات التي تمثلها للحصول على موافقتها الحرة والمستنيرة قبل إقرار أي مشروع يؤثر في أراضيها أو أقاليمها ومواردها الأخرى، ولا سيما فيما يتعلق بتنمية أو استخدام أو استغلال الموارد المعدنية أو المائية أو الموارد الأخرى.
19
على الدول أن تتشاور وتتعاون بحسن نية مع الشعوب الأصلية المعنية من خلال
المؤسسات التي تمثلها للحصول على موافقتها الحرة والمسبقة والمستنيرة قبل اتخاذ وتنفيذ أي
تدابير تشريعية أو إدارية يمكن أن تمسها.
ILO 169
اتفاقية منظمة العمل الدولية رقم 169 بشأن الشعوب الأصلية والقبلية لعام 1989
Description 1
اتفاقية منظمة العمل الدولية رقم 169 بشأن الشعوب الأصلية والقبلية لعام 1989. هذه الاتفاقية تطالب استشارة الشعوب الأصلية والقبلية ومشاركتها في القرارات التي من الممكن أن تؤثر عليها.
6.1
تقوم الحكومات عند تطبيق أحكام هذه الاتفاقية:
6-1-(أ)
باستشارة الشعوب المعنية، عن طريق إجراءات ملائمة، وخاصة عن طريق الهيئات التي تمثلها، كلما جري النظر في اتخاذ تدابير تشريعية أو إدارية يمكن أن تؤثر عليها بصورة مباشرة؛
6-1-(ب)
بتهيئة الوسائل التي يمكن بها لهذه الشعوب أن تشترك بحرية، وبنفس درجة مشاركة القطاعات السكانية الأخرى علي الأقل، وعلي جميع مستويات صنع القرارات، في الهيئات المنتخبة والأجهزة الإدارية وغيرها من الأجهزة المسؤولة عن وضع السياسات والبرامج التي تهم هذه الشعوب؛
6-1-(ج)
بإتاحة الإمكانات اللازمة لهذه الشعوب لكي تطور هيئاتها ومبادراتها الخاصة تطويرا شاملا، وبأن توفر لها، في الحالات المناسبة، الموارد الضرورية لتحقيق هذا الغرض.
6.2
تجري المشاورات التي تدور تطبيقا لهذه الاتفاقية بنية صادقة وفي شكل مناسب للظروف، بغرض التوصل إلي اتفاق بشأن التدابير المقترحة أو إلي قبولها.
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