Click on goal, target or instrument to expand details.
Use switch to change which column to be first.
Show first:
Targets
instruments
Mål Delmål Menneskerettighedsinstrument Artikel / Beskrivelse

Støtte fredelige og inkluderende samfund. Give alle adgang til retssikkerhed og opbygge effektive, ansvarlige og indragende institutioner på alle niveauer.

 16.3

Retssikkerheden skal fremmes på nationalt og internationalt niveau og der skal sikres lige adgang til en retfærdig rettergang.

Indicators
16.3.2
Andel af ikke-dømte tilbageholdte i forhold til det samlede antal indsatte i fængsler
16.3.1
Andel af voldsofre indenfor de seneste 12 måneder, som har rapporteret, at de har været offer, til en kompetent myndighed eller anden anerkendt konfliktløsningsmekanisme
16.3.3
Proportion of the population who have experienced a dispute in the past two years and who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, by type of mechanism
 UNDHRD
Declaration on Human Rights Defenders
2.1
Each State has a prime responsibility and duty to protect, promote and implement all human rights and fundamental freedoms, inter alia, by adopting such steps as may be necessary to create all conditions necessary in the social, economic, political and other fields, as well as the legal guarantees required to ensure that all persons under its jurisdiction, individually and in association with others, are able to enjoy all those rights and freedoms in practice
2.1 Each State has a prime responsibility and duty to protect, promote and implement all human rights and fundamental freedoms, inter alia, by adopting such steps as may be necessary to create all conditions necessary in the social, economic, political and other fields, as well as the legal guarantees required to ensure that all persons under its jurisdiction, individually and in association with others, are able to enjoy all those rights and freedoms in practice
2.2
Each State shall adopt such legislative, administrative and other steps as may be necessary to ensure that the rights and freedoms referred to in the present Declaration are effectively guaranteed
3
Domestic law consistent with the Charter of the United Nations and other international obligations of the State in the field of human rights and fundamental freedoms is the juridical framework within which human rights and fundamental freedoms should be implemented and enjoyed and within which all activities referred to in the present Declaration for the promotion, protection and effective realization of those rights and freedoms should be conducted
9.1
In the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the promotion and protection of human rights as referred to in the present Declaration, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to benefit from an effective remedy and to be protected in the event of the violation of those rights
9.1 In the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the promotion and protection of human rights as referred to in the present Declaration, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to benefit from an effective remedy and to be protected in the event of the violation of those rights
9.2
To this end, everyone whose rights or freedoms are allegedly violated has the right, either in person or through legally authorized representation, to complain to and have that complaint promptly reviewed in a public hearing before an independent, impartial and competent judicial or other authority established by law and to obtain from such an authority a decision, in accordance with law, providing redress, including any compensation due, where there has been a violation of that person’s rights or freedoms, as well as enforcement of the eventual decision and award, all without undue delay
9.1 In the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the promotion and protection of human rights as referred to in the present Declaration, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to benefit from an effective remedy and to be protected in the event of the violation of those rights
9.3 To the same end, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, inter alia:
9.3.a
To complain about the policies and actions of individual officials and governmental bodies with regard to violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms, by petition or other appropriate means, to competent domestic judicial, administrative or legislative authorities or any other competent authority provided for by the legal system of the State, which should render their decision on the complaint without undue delay
9.1 In the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the promotion and protection of human rights as referred to in the present Declaration, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to benefit from an effective remedy and to be protected in the event of the violation of those rights
9.3 To the same end, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, inter alia:
9.3.b
To attend public hearings, proceedings and trials so as to form an opinion on their compliance with national law and applicable international obligations and commitments
9.1 In the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the promotion and protection of human rights as referred to in the present Declaration, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to benefit from an effective remedy and to be protected in the event of the violation of those rights
9.3 To the same end, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, inter alia:
9.3.c
To offer and provide professionally qualified legal assistance or other relevant advice and assistance in defending human rights and fundamental freedoms
9.1 In the exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the promotion and protection of human rights as referred to in the present Declaration, everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to benefit from an effective remedy and to be protected in the event of the violation of those rights
9.5
The State shall conduct a prompt and impartial investigation or ensure that an inquiry takes place whenever there is reasonable ground to believe that a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms has occurred in any territory under its jurisdiction
10
No one shall participate, by act or by failure to act where required, in violating human rights and fundamental freedoms and no one shall be subjected to punishment or adverse action of any kind for refusing to do so
11
Everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to the lawful exercise of his or her occupation or profession. Everyone who, as a result of his or her profession, can affect the human dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms of others should respect those rights and freedoms and comply with relevant national and international standards of occupational and professional conduct or ethics
12.1 Everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to participate in peaceful activities against violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms
12.3
In this connection, everyone is entitled, individually and in association with others, to be protected effectively under national law in reacting against or opposing, through peaceful means, activities and acts, including those by omission, attributable to States that result in violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms, as well as acts of violence perpetrated by groups or individuals that affect the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms
15
The State has the responsibility to promote and facilitate the teaching of human rights and fundamental freedoms at all levels of education and to ensure that all those responsible for training lawyers, law enforcement officers, the personnel of the armed forces and public officials include appropriate elements of human rights teaching in their training programme
17
In the exercise of the rights and freedoms referred to in the present Declaration, everyone, acting individually and in association with others, shall be subject only to such limitations as are in accordance with applicable international obligations and are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society
18.2
Individuals, groups, institutions and non-governmental organizations have an important role to play and a responsibility in safeguarding democracy, promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms and contributing to the promotion and advancement of democratic societies, institutions and processes
UDHR
Verdenserklæringen om menneskerettighederne
6
Ethvert menneske har overalt i verden ret til at blive anerkendt som retssubjekt.
7
Alle er lige for loven og har uden forskelsbehandling af nogen art lige ret til lovens beskyttelse. Alle har ret til lige beskyttelse mod enhver forskelsbehandling i strid mod denne erklæring og mod enhver tilskyndelse til en sådan forskelsbehandling.
8
Enhver har ret til en fyldestgørende oprejsning ved de kompetente nationale domstole for handlinger, der krænker de fundamentale rettigheder, som forfatningen eller loven giver vedkommende.
10
Enhver har under fuld ligeberettigelse krav på en retfærdig og offentlig behandling ved en uafhængig og upartisk domstol, når der skal træffes en afgørelse med hensyn til hans rettigheder og forpligtelser og med hensyn til en hvilken som helst mod ham rettet strafferetslig anklage.
ICCPR
International konvention om borgerlige og politiske rettigheder
2.3 Enhver i denne konvention deltagende stat forpligter sig til:
2.3.a
at sikre enhver, hvis rettigheder eller friheder efter denne konvention krænkes, adgang til effektive retsmidler herimod, uanset om de personer, der har begået krænkelsen, har handlet i embeds medfør;
2.3 Enhver i denne konvention deltagende stat forpligter sig til:
2.3.b
at sikre enhver, der gør krav på sådanne retsmidler, adgang til at få sin ret til disse afgjort af kompetente judicielle, administrative eller lovgivende myndigheder eller af anden i henhold til den pågældende stats retsordning kompetent myndighed samt at videreudvikle mulighederne for at anvende judicielle retsmidler;
2.3 Enhver i denne konvention deltagende stat forpligter sig til:
2.3.c
at sikre, at de kompetente myndigheder tager en klage til følge, når den er fundet berettiget.
14.1
Alle skal være lige for domstolene. Enhver skal ved afgørelsen vedrørende en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold eller vedrørende hans rettigheder og forpligtelser i et søgsmål være berettiget til retfærdig og offentlig rettergang for en kompetent, uafhængig og upartisk domstol, der er oprettet ved lov. Pressen og offentligheden kan udelukkes fra hele rettergangen eller fra dele af denne af hensyn til sædeligheden, den offentlige orden (ordre public) eller statens sikkerhed i et demokratisk samfund, eller hvor hensynet til parternes privatliv kræver det, eller i det omfang retten finder absolut nødvendigt, når offentlighed på grund af særlige omstændigheder ville skade retfærdighedens interesser; dog skal enhver dom, der afsiges i en straffesag eller i et søgsmål offentliggøres, medmindre hensynet til unge mennesker taler herimod, eller det drejer sig om ægteskabssager eller sager om forældremyndighed eller værgemål for børn.
14.2
Enhver, der anklages for en lovovertrædelse, har ret til at blive anset for uskyldig, indtil hans skyld er bevist i overensstemmelse med loven.
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.a
at blive underrettet ufortøvet og udførligt i et sprog, han forstår, om indholdet af og årsagen til den anklage, der er rejst mod ham;
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.b
at få tilstrækkelig tid til og mulighed for at forberede sit forsvar og til at stå i forbindelse med en advokat, han selv har valgt;
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.c
at få sin sag pådømt uden unødigt ophold;
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.d
at få sagen pådømt i sin nærværelse og at forsvare sig personligt eller ved hjælp af en forsvarer, som han selv har valgt, at blive oplyst om sin ret til juridisk bistand, såfremt han ikke allerede har en sådan bistand, og til at få beskikket en forsvarer, når hensynet til retfærdigheden kræver det, og i så fald uden udgift for ham, hvis han ikke har tilstrækkelige midler til at afholde udgifterne herved;
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.e
at afhøre eller lade vidnerne imod ham afhøre og at få vidner i sin interesse tilsagt og afhørt på samme betingelser som vidner imod ham;
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.f
at få gratis bistand af en tolk, hvis han ikke forstår eller taler det sprog, der anvendes i retten;
14.3 Enhver skal ved afgørelsen af en anklage mod ham for et strafbart forhold være berettiget til følgende minimumsgarantier i fuld lighed:
14.3.g
ikke at blive tvunget til at vidne imod sig selv eller erkende sig skyldig.
14.4
I sager mod unge mennesker skal rettergangen gennemføres under hensyntagen til de pågældendes alder og ønskeligheden af at fremme deres resocialisering.
14.5
Enhver, der er domfældt for en forbrydelse har ret til at få domfældelsen og fastsættelsen af retsfølgen prøvet af en højere domstol i overensstemmelse med loven.
14.6
Når en person ved endelig dom er domfældt for en strafbar handling, og når hans dom senere er blevet omstødt, eller han er blevet benådet som følge af, at en ny eller nyopdaget omstændighed på afgørende måde viser, at domfældelsen var fejlagtig, skal der tillægges den, som har udstået straf som følge af en sådan domfældelse, erstatning efter loven, medmindre det godtgøres, at det helt eller delvis kan tilskrives ham selv, at den ukendte omstændighed ikke kom for dagen i rette tid.
14.7
Ingen må på ny tiltales eller straffes for en lovovertrædelse, for hvilken han allerede er blevet endelig domfældt eller frifundet i overensstemmelse med det enkelte lands lovgivning og strafferetspleje.
16
Enhver har ret til overalt at blive anerkendt som havende retsevne.
ICERD
International konvention om afskaffelse af alle former for racediskrimination
5 Til opfyldelse af de i artikel 2 i denne konvention fastsatte grundlæggende forpligtelser påtager deltagerstaterne sig at forbyde og afskaffe alle former for racediskrimination og at sikre ethvert menneskes ret til lighed for loven, uanset race, hudfarve eller national eller etnisk oprindelse, især med hensyn til nydelsen af følgende rettigheder:
5.a
retten til ligelig behandling for domstole og andre retsudøvende organer;
6
Deltagerstaterne skal gennem deres kompetente domstole og andre statsinstitutioner sikre enhver person inden for deres jurisdiktion effektiv beskyttelse og effektive retsmidler imod enhver racediskriminerende handling, som i modstrid med denne konvention krænker hans menneskerettigheder og grundlæggende frihedsrettigheder, samt ret til gennem sådanne domstole at søge retfærdighed og passende erstatning eller oprejsning for enhver skade, han har lidt som følge af en sådan diskrimination.
CRC
FN’s konvention om Barnets Rettigheder
12.2
Med henblik herpå skal barnet især gives mulighed for at udtale sig i enhver behandling ved dømmende myndighed eller forvaltningsmyndighed af sager, der vedrører barnet, enten direkte eller gennem en repræsentant eller et passende organ i overensstemmelse med de i national ret foreskrevne fremgangsmåder.
CEDAW
Konvention om afskaffelse af alle former for diskrimination imod kvinder
15.1
De deltagende stater skal sikre, at kvinder og mænd stilles lige for loven.
15.2
De deltagende stater skal i borgerlige retsforhold tilstå kvinder samme retlige handleevne som mænd og samme muligheder for at udøve denne. De skal især give kvinder ligeret med hensyn til indgåelse af aftaler og rådighed over ejendom, og de skal behandle dem lige på alle processtadier ved domstolene.
CRPD
FN’s konvention om rettigheder for personer med handicap
13.1
Deltagerstaterne skal sikre, at personer med handicap har effektiv adgang til retssystemet på lige fod med andre, herunder ved tilvejebringelse af procesretlig og alderssvarende tilpasning, for at lette deres mulighed for effektivt at deltage direkte eller indirekte, herunder som vidner, i alle former for retssager, herunder på de efterforskningsmæssige og andre forberedende stadier.
13.2
Med henblik på at sikre effektiv adgang til retssystemet for personer med handicap skal deltagerstaterne fremme passende uddannelse af personer, der arbejder inden for retssystemet, herunder politi- og fængselspersonale.
Aarhus Convention
Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters
1
In order to contribute to the protection of the right of every person of present and future generations to live in an environment adequate to his or her health and well-being, each Party shall guarantee the rights of access to information, public participation in decision-making, and access to justice in environmental matters in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
3.1
Each Party shall take the necessary legislative, regulatory and other measures, including measures to achieve compatibility between the provisions implementing the information, public participation and access-to-justice provisions in this Convention, as well as proper enforcement measures, to establish and maintain a clear, transparent and consistent framework to implement the provisions of this Convention.
3.2
Each Party shall endeavour to ensure that officials and authorities assist and provide guidance to the public in seeking access to information, in facilitating participation in decision-making and in seeking access to justice in environmental matters.
3.3
Each Party shall promote environmental education and environmental awareness among the public, especially on how to obtain access to information, to participate in decision-making and to obtain access to justice in environmental matters.
3.5
The provisions of this Convention shall not affect the right of a Party to maintain or introduce measures providing for broader access to information, more extensive public participation in decision-making and wider access to justice in environmental matters than required by this Convention.
3.6
This Convention shall not require any derogation from existing rights of access to information, public participation in decision-making and access to justice in environmental matters.
3.9
Within the scope of the relevant provisions of this Convention, the public shall have access to information, have the possibility to participate in decision-making and have access to justice in environmental matters without discrimination as to citizenship, nationality or domicile and, in the case of a legal person, without discrimination as to where it has its registered seat or an effective centre of its activities.
6.11
Each Party shall, within the framework of its national law, apply, to the extent feasible and appropriate, provisions of this article to decisions on whether to permit the deliberate release of genetically modified organisms into the environment.
8.b
Draft rules should be published or otherwise made publicly available; and
9.2
Each Party shall, within the framework of its national legislation, ensure that members of the public concerned
9.2.a
Having a sufficient interest or, alternatively,
9.3
In addition and without prejudice to the review procedures referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 above, each Party shall ensure that, where they meet the criteria, if any, laid down in its national law, members of the public have access to administrative or judicial procedures to challenge acts and omissions by private persons and public authorities which contravene provisions of its national law relating to the environment.
10.1
The first meeting of the Parties shall be convened no later than one year after the date of the entry into force of this Convention. Thereafter, an ordinary meeting of the Parties shall be held at least once every two years, unless otherwise decided by the Parties, or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to all Parties by the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe, the said request is supported by at least one third of the Parties.
Kiev Protocol
Kiev Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers to the Aarhus Convention
14.1
Each Party shall, within the framework of its national legislation, ensure that any person who considers that his or her request for information under article 11, paragraph 2, has been ignored, wrongfully refused, whether in part or in full, inadequately answered, or otherwise no t dealt with in accordance with the provisions of that paragraph has access to a review procedure before a court of law or another independent and impartial body established by law.
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean
4.3
Each Party shall adopt the necessary measures, of a legislative, regulatory, administrative or any other nature, in the framework of its domestic provisions, to guarantee the implementation of the provisions of the present Agreement.
5.18
Each Party shall establish or designate one or more impartial entities or institutions with autonomy and independence to promote transparency in access to environmental information, to oversee compliance with rules, and monitor, report on and guarantee the right of access to information. Each Party may consider including or strengthening, as appropriate, sanctioning powers within the scope of the responsibilities of the aforementioned entities or institutions.
7.12
Each Party shall promote, where appropriate and in accordance with domestic legislation, public participation in international forums and negotiations on environmental matters or with an environmental impact, in accordance with the procedural rules on participation of each forum. The participation of the public at the national level on matters of international environmental forums shall also be promoted, where appropriate.
8.1
Each Party shall guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters in accordance with the guarantees of due process.
8.2
Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2 Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2.a
any decision, action or omission related to the access to environmental information;
8.2 Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2.b
any decision, action or omission related to public participation in the decision-making process regarding environmental matters;
8.2 Each Party shall ensure, in the framework of its domestic legislation, access to judicial and administrative mechanisms to challenge and appeal, with respect to substance and procedure:
8.2.c
any other decision, action or omission that affects or could affect the environment adversely or violate laws and regulations related to the environment.
8.3
To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.a
competent State entities with access to expertise in environmental matters;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.b
effective, timely, public, transparent and impartial procedures that are not prohibitively expensive;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.c
broad active legal standing in defence of the environment, in accordance with domestic legislation;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.d
the possibility of ordering precautionary and interim measures, inter alia, to prevent, halt, mitigate or rehabilitate damage to the environment;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.e
measures to facilitate the production of evidence of environmental damage, when appropriate and as applicable, such as the reversal of the burden of proof and the dynamic burden of proof;
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.f
mechanisms to execute and enforce judicial and administrative decisions in a timely manner; and
8.3 To guarantee the right of access to justice in environmental matters, each Party shall have, considering its circumstances:
8.3.g
mechanisms for redress, where applicable, such as restitution to the condition prior to the damage, restoration, compensation or payment of a financial penalty, satisfaction, guarantees of non-repetition, assistance for affected persons and financial instruments to support redress.
8.4
To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.a
measures to minimize or eliminate barriers to the exercise of the right of access to justice;
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.b
means to publicize the right of access to justice and the procedures to ensure its effectiveness;
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.c
mechanisms to systematize and disseminate judicial and administrative decisions, as appropriate; and
8.4 To facilitate access to justice in environmental matters for the public, each Party shall establish:
8.4.d
the use of interpretation or translation of languages other than the official languages when necessary for the exercise of that right.
8.5
In order to give effect to the right of access to justice, each Party shall meet the needs of persons or groups in vulnerable situations by establishing support mechanisms, including, as appropriate, free technical and legal assistance.
8.6
Each Party shall ensure that the judicial and administrative decisions adopted in environmental matters and their legal grounds are set out in writing
8.7
Each Party shall promote, where appropriate, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in environmental matters, such as mediation, conciliation or other means that allow such disputes to be prevented or resolved.
9.1
Each Party shall guarantee a safe and enabling environment for persons, groups and organizations that promote and defend human rights in environmental matters, so that they are able to act free from threat, restriction and insecurity
9.2
Each Party shall take adequate and effective measures to recognize, protect and promote all the rights of human rights defenders in environmental matters, including their right to life, personal integrity, freedom of opinion and expression, peaceful assembly and association, and free movement, as well as their ability to exercise their access rights, taking into account its international obligations in the field of human rights, its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system.
9.3
Each Party shall also take appropriate, effective and timely measures to prevent, investigate and punish attacks, threats or intimidations that human rights defenders in environmental matters may suffer while exercising the rights set out in the present Agreement.
ECHR
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
5.1
Enhver har ret til frihed og personlig sikkerhed. Ingen må berøves friheden undtagen i følgende tilfælde og i overensstemmelse med den ved lov foreskrevne fremgangsmåde:
5.1.a
lovlig forvaring af en person efter domfældelse af en kompetent domstol;
5.1.b
lovlig anholdelse eller forvaring for ikke-efterkommelse af en domstols lovlige påbud eller for at sikre opfyldelsen af en ved lov foreskrevet forpligtelse;
5.1.c
lovlig anholdelse eller forvaring af en person med det formål at stille ham for den kompetente retlige myndighed, når der er begrundet mistanke om, at han har foretaget en retsstridig handling, eller når der er rimelig grund til at anse det for nødvendigt for at hindre ham i at foretage en retsstridig handling eller i at flygte efter at have fuldbyrdet en sådan;
5.1.d
forvaring af en mindreårig ifølge lovlig kendelse med det formål at føre tilsyn med hans opdragelse eller for at stille ham for den kompetente myndighed;
5.1.e
lovlig forvaring af personer for at hindre spredning af smitsomme sygdomme, af personer der er mentalt abnorme, drankere, narkomaner eller vagabonder;
5.1.f
lovlig anholdelse eller forvaring af en person for at hindre ham i uretmæssigt at trænge ind i landet eller af en person, mod hvem udvisnings- eller udleveringssag er svævende.
5.2
Enhver, der anholdes, skal ufortøvet på et sprog, som han forstår, underrettes om grundene til anholdelsen og om enhver mod ham rettet anklage.
5.3
Enhver, der anholdes eller tages i forvaring i henhold til bestemmelserne i denne Artikels stk. 1 c), skal ufortøvet stilles for en dommer eller anden øvrighedsperson, der ved lov er bemyndiget til at udøve domsmyndighed, og skal være berettiget til rettergang inden en rimelig tid, eller til at blive løsladt i afventning af rettergang. Løsladelsen kan gøres betinget af sikkerhed for, at den pågældende giver møde under rettergangen.
5.4
Enhver, der berøves friheden ved anholdelse eller forvaring, skal være berettiget til at tage skridt til, at der af en domstol træffes hurtig afgørelse om lovligheden af hans forvaring, og at hans løsladelse beordres, hvis forvaringen ikke er retmæssig;
5.5
Enhver, der har været genstand for anholdelse eller forvaring i modstrid med bestemmelserne i denne Artikel, har ret til erstatning.
6.1
Enhver skal, når der skal træffes afgørelse enten i en strid om hans borgerlige rettigheder og forpligtelser eller angående en mod ham rettet anklage for en forbrydelse, være berettiget til en retfærdig og offentlig rettegang inden en rimelig tid for en ved lov oprettet uafhængig og upartisk domstol. Dom skal afsiges i offentligt møde, men pressen og offentligheden kan udelukkes helt eller delvis fra retsforhandlingerne af hensyn til sædeligheden, den offentlige orden eller den nationale sikkerhed i et demokratisk samfund, når det kræves af hensynet til mindreårige eller til beskyttelse af parternes privatliv, eller under særlige omstændigheder i det efter rettens mening strengt nødvendige omfang, når offentlighed ville skade retfærdighedens interesser.
6.2
Enhver, der anklages for en lovovertrædelse, skal anses for uskyldig, indtil hans skyld er bevist i overensstemmelse med loven.
6.3
Enhver, der er anklaget for en lovovertrædelse, er i særdeleshed berettiget til:
6.3.a
ufortøvet at modtage udførlig underretning på et sprog, som han forstår, om arten af og årsagen til den anklage, der er rejst mod ham;
6.3.b
at få tilstrækkelig tid og lejlighed til at forberede sit forsvar;
6.3.c
at forsvare sig personligt eller ved juridisk bistand som han selv har valgt, og, hvis han ikke har tilstrækkelige midler til at betale den juridiske bistand, at modtage den uden betaling, når retfærdighedens interesser kræver det;
6.3.d
at afhøre eller lade afhøre imod ham førte vidner og at få vidner i hans interesse tilsagt og afhørt på samme betingelser som vidner, der føres imod ham;
6.3.e
at få vederlagsfri bistand af en tolk, hvis han ikke forstår eller taler det sprog, der anvendes i retten
7.1
Ingen kan kendes skyldig i strafbar lovovertrædelse på grund af en handling eller undladelse, der ikke udgjorde en strafbar overtrædelse af national eller international ret på den tid, da den blev begået. Ej heller må der pålægges en strengere straf end den, der var anvendelig på det tidspunkt, da den strafbare lovovertrædelse blev begået.
13
Enhver, der krænkes i de ved denne Konvention anerkendte rettigheder og friheder, skal have adgang til effektiv oprejsning for en national myndighed, uanset om krænkelsen er begået af personer, der handler på embeds vegne.
ECHR Protocol No. 6
Protocol No. 6 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
1
Dødsstraffen skal afskaffes. Ingen må idømmes en sådan straf eller henrettes.
ECHR Protocol No. 7
Protocol No. 7 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
1.1
En udlænding, der lovligt er bosiddende i en stats territorium, kan ikke udvises derfra, medmindre dette sker i medfør af en beslutning truffet i overensstemmelse med loven, og den pågældende skal have adgang til:
1.1.a
提出反对驱逐的理由
1.1.b
要求他的案件得到审查
1.1.c
med henblik herpå at være repræsenteret over for den kompetente myndighed eller en person eller personer udpeget af denne myndighed.
1.2
En udlænding kan udvises inden udøvelsen af de i stk.1 a)-c) nævnte rettigheder, når dette er nødvendigt af hensyn til den offentlige orden eller begrundet i hensynet til den nationale sikkerhed.
2.1
Enhver, der af en domstol er domfældt for en strafbar lovovertrædelse, har ret til at få skyldsspørgsmålet eller strafudmålingen prøvet ved en højere domstol. Udøvelsen af denne ret, herunder de betingelser hvorunder denne kan udøves, fastsættes ved lov.
2.2
Der kan fraviges fra denne ret med hensyn til lovovertrædelser af mindre alvorlig art, således som fastsat ved lov, eller i tilfælde, hvor en person i første instans er blevet stillet for den højeste domstol eller er blevet domfældt efter anke af en frifindende dom.
3
Når en person ved endelig dom er blevet domfældt for et strafbart forhold, og når domfældelsen senere er blevet omstødt eller personen benådet som følge af, at en ny eller nyligt opdaget kendsgerning afgørende viser, at der er sket en urigtig domfældelse, skal personen, der er blevet straffet som følge af domfældelsen, have erstatning i overensstemmelse med loven eller vedkommende stats praksis, medmindre det godtgøres, at den manglende rettidige blotlæggelse af den ukendte kendsgerning helt eller delvis kan tilskrives ham.
4.1
Under én og samme stats jurisdiktion skal ingen i en straffesag på ny kunne stilles for en domstol eller dømmes for en lovovertrædelse, for hvilken han allerede er blevet endeligt frikendt eller domfældt i overensstemmelse med denne stats lovgivning og strafferetspleje.
4.2
Bestemmelserne i foregående stykke forhindrer ikke genoptagelse af sagen i overensstemmelse med vedkommende stats lovgivning og strafferetspleje, såfremt der foreligger bevis for nye eller nyopdagede kendsgerninger, eller såfremt der i den tidligere rettergang er begået en grundlæggende fejl, som kunne påvirke sagens udfald.
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
10.3
Parterne forpligter sig til at garantere retten for enhver person, der tilhører et nationalt mindretal, til omgående at blive underrettet på et sprog, som han eller hun forstår, om grundene til hans eller hendes anholdelse og om karakteren og årsagen til enhver sigtelse imod ham eller hende, og til at forsvare sig på dette sprog, om nødvendigt med vederlagsfri bistand af en tolk.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
XVIII
Every person may resort to the courts to ensure respect for his legal rights. There should likewise be available to him a simple, brief procedure whereby the courts will protect him from acts of authority that, to his prejudice, violate any fundamental constitutional rights.
XXIV
Every person has the right to submit respectful petitions to any competent authority, for reasons of either general or private interest, and the right to obtain a prompt decision thereon.
XXV
No person may be deprived of his liberty except in the cases and according to the procedures established by pre-existing law. No person may be deprived of liberty for nonfulfillment of obligations of a purely civil character. Every individual who has been deprived of his liberty has the right to have the legality of his detention ascertained without delay by a court, and the right to be tried without undue delay or, otherwise, to be released. He also has the right to humane treatment during the time he is in custody.
XXVI
Every accused person is presumed to be innocent until proved guilty. Every person accused of an offense has the right to be given an impartial and public hearing, and to be tried by courts previously established in accordance with pre-existing laws, and not to receive cruel, infamous or unusual punishment.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
7.1
Every person has the right to personal liberty and security.
7.2
No one shall be deprived of his physical liberty except for the reasons and under the conditions established beforehand by the constitution of the State Party concerned or by a law established pursuant thereto.
7.3
No one shall be subject to arbitrary arrest or imprisonment.
7.4
Anyone who is detained shall be informed of the reasons for his detention and shall be promptly notified of the charge or charges against him.
7.5
Any person detained shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to be released without prejudice to the continuation of the proceedings. His release may be subject to guarantees to assure his appearance for trial.
7.6
Anyone who is deprived of his liberty shall be entitled to recourse to a competent court, in order that the court may decide without delay on the lawfulness of his arrest or detention and order his release if the arrest or detention is unlawful. In States Parties whose laws provide that anyone who believes himself to be threatened with deprivation of his liberty is entitled to recourse to a competent court in order that it may decide on the lawfulness of such threat, this remedy may not be restricted or abolished. The interested party or another person in his behalf is entitled to seek these remedies.
7.7
No one shall be detained for debt. This principle shall not limit the orders of a competent judicial authority issued for nonfulfillment of duties of support.
8.1
Every person has the right to a hearing, with due guarantees and within a reasonable time, by a competent, independent, and impartial tribunal, previously established by law, in the substantiation of any accusation of a criminal nature made against him or for the determination of his rights and obligations of a civil, labor, fiscal, or any other nature.
8.2
Every person accused of a criminal offense has the right to be presumed innocent so long as his guilt has not been proven according to law. During the proceedings, every person is entitled, with full equality, to the following minimum guarantees:
8.2.a
the right of the accused to be assisted without charge by a translator or interpreter, if he does not understand or does not speak the language of the tribunal or court;
8.2.b
prior notification in detail to the accused of the charges against him;
8.2.c
adequate time and means for the preparation of his defense;
8.2.d
the right of the accused to defend himself personally or to be assisted by legal counsel of his own choosing, and to communicate freely and privately with his counsel;
8.2.e
the inalienable right to be assisted by counsel provided by the state, paid or not as the domestic law provides, if the accused does not defend himself personally or engage his own counsel within the time period established by law;
8.2.f
the right of the defense to examine witnesses present in the court and to obtain the appearance, as witnesses, of experts or other persons who may throw light on the facts;
8.2.g
the right not to be compelled to be a witness against himself or to plead guilty;
8.2.h
the right to appeal the judgment to a higher court.
8.3
A confession of guilt by the accused shall be valid only if it is made without coercion of any kind.
8.4
An accused person acquitted by a nonappealable judgment shall not be subjected to a new trial for the same cause.
8.5
Criminal proceedings shall be public, except insofar as may be necessary to protect the interests of justice.
9
No one shall be convicted of any act or omission that did not constitute a criminal offense, under the applicable law, at the time it was committed. A heavier penalty shall not be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the criminal offense was committed. If subsequent to the commission of the offense the law provides for the imposition of a lighter punishment, the guilty person shall benefit therefrom.
10
Every person has the right to be compensated in accordance with the law in the event he has been sentenced by a final judgment through a miscarriage of justice
24
All persons are equal before the law. Consequently, they are entitled, without discrimination, to equal protection of the law
25.1
Everyone has the right to simple and prompt recourse, or any other effective recourse, to a competent court or tribunal for protection against acts that violate his fundamental rights recognized by the constitution or laws of the state concerned or by this Convention, even though such violation may have been committed by persons acting in the course of their official duties
25.2.a
to ensure that any person claiming such remedy shall have his rights determined by the competent authority provided for by the legal system of the state;
25.2.b
to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy;
25.2.c
to ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted.
Convention of Belém do Pará
Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against Women
7.c
include in their domestic legislation penal, civil, administrative and any other type of provisions that may be needed to prevent, punish and eradicate violence against women and to adopt appropriate administrative measures where necessary;
7.f
establish fair and effective legal procedures for women who have been subjected to violence which include, among others, protective measures, a timely hearing and effective access to such procedures;
7.g
establish the necessary legal and administrative mechanisms to ensure that women subjected to violence have effective access to restitution, reparations or other just and effective remedies;
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
3.1
Every individual shall be equal before the law.
3.2
Every individual shall be entitled to equal protection of the law.
6
Every individual shall have the right to liberty and to the security of his person. No one may be deprived of his freedom except for reasons and conditions previously laid down by law. In particular, no one may be arbitrarily arrested or detained.
7.1
Every individual shall have the right to have his cause heard. This comprises:
7.1.a
the right to an appeal to competent national organs against acts of violating his fundamental rights as recognized and guaranteed by conventions, laws, regulations and customs in force;
7.1.b
the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty by a competent court or tribunal;
7.1.c
the right to defense, including the right to be defended by counsel of his choice;
7.1.d
the right to be tried within a reasonable time by an impartial court or tribunal.
7.2
No one may be condemned for an act or omission which did not constitute a legally punishable offence at the time it was committed. No penalty may be inflicted for an offence for which no provision was made at the time it was committed. Punishment is personal and can be imposed only on the offender.
26
States parties to the present Charter shall have the duty to guarantee the independence of the Courts and shall allow the establishment and improvement of appropriate national institutions entrusted with the promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the present Charter.
ACRWC
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
5.3
Death sentence shall not be pronounced for crimes committed by children.
17.1
Every child accused or found guilty of having infringed penal law shall have the right to special treatment in a manner consistent with the child’s sense of dignity and worth and which reinforces the child’s respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms of others.
17.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall in particular:
17.2.a
ensure that no child who is detained or imprisoned or otherwise deprived of his/her liberty is subjected to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment;
17.2.b
ensure that children are separated from adults in their place of detention or imprisonment;
17.2.c
ensure that every child accused of infringing the penal law:
17.2.c.i
shall be presumed innocent until duly recognized guilty;
17.2.c.ii
shall be informed promptly in a language that he understands and in detail of the charge against him, and shall be entitled to the assistance of an interpreter if he or she cannot understand the language used;
17.2.c.iii
shall be afforded legal and other appropriate assistance in the preparation and presentation of his defence;
17.2.c.iv
shall have the matter determined as speedily as possible by an impartial tribunal and if found guilty, be entitled to an appeal by a higher tribunal;
17.2.d
prohibit the press and the public from the trial.
17.3
The essential aim of treatment of every child during the trial and also if found guilty of infringing the penal law shall be his or her reformation, reintegration into his or her family and social rehabilitation.
17.4
There shall be a minimum age below which children shall be presumed not to have the capacity to infringe the penal law.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
8
Women and men are equal before the law and shall have the right to equal protection and benefit of the law. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure:
8.a
effective access by women to judicial and legal services, including legal aid;
8.b
support to local, national, regional and continental initiatives directed at providing women access to legal services, including legal aid;
8.c
the establishment of adequate educational and other appropriate structures with particular attention to women and to sensitise everyone to the rights of women;
8.d
that law enforcement organs at all levels are equipped to effectively interpret and enforce gender equality rights;
8.e
that women are represented equally in the judiciary and law enforcement organs;
8.f
reform of existing discriminatory laws and practices in order to promote and protect the rights of women.
25
States Parties shall undertake to:
25.a
provide for appropriate remedies to any woman whose rights or freedoms, as herein recognised, have been violated;
25.b
ensure that such remedies are determined by competent judicial, administrative or legislative authorities, or by any other competent authority provided for by law.