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目标 具体目标 文书 条款 / 描述

在全世界消除一切形式的贫困

 1.4

到2030年，确保所有男女，特别是穷人和弱势群体，享有平等获取经济资源的权利，享有基本服务，获得对土地和其他形式财产的所有权和控制权，继承遗产，获取自然资源、适当的新技术和包括小额信贷在内的金融服务。

Indicators
1.4.1
其家庭可获得基本服务的人口比例
1.4.2
按性别和保有权类型分列，拥有可靠的土地保有权、(a) 拥有法律承认文件而且(b) 认为其土地权利受到保障者在总成年人口中所占的比例
 ICRMW
保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约
30
移徙工人的每一名子女应照与有关国家国民同等的待遇享有接受教育的基本权利。不得以其父亲或母亲在就业国的逗留或就业方面有任何不正常情况为由或因为其本人的逗留属不正常的情况，而拒绝或限制其进入公立幼儿园或学校。
UNDRIP
联合国土著人民权利宣言
14.2
土著人，特别是土著儿童，有权不受歧视地获得国家提供的所有程度和 形式的教育。
21.1
土著人民有权不受歧视地改善其经济和社会状况，尤其是在教育、就业、 职业培训和再培训、住房、环境卫生、保健和社会保障等领域。
21.2
各国应采取有效措施，并在适当情况下采取特别措施，确保土著人民的 经济和社会状况持续得到改善。应特别关注土著老人、妇女、青年、儿童和残疾人的权利和特殊需要。
24.2
土著人拥有享受能够达到的最高标准身心健康的平等权利。各国应采取 必要步骤，使这一权利逐步得到充分实现。
26.1
土著人民对他们传统上拥有、占有或以其他方式使用或获得的土地、领 土和资源拥有权利。
39
土著人民有权从各国和通过国际合作获得财政和技术援助，以享受本《宣言》 所规定的权利。
ECHR Protocol
Protocol to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
1
每个自然人或法人都被授予和平地享用其财产的 资格。除非为了公共利益并且符合法律以及国际法 一般原则所规定的条件，任何人都不应当被剥夺其 财产。 但是，前款规定不应当以任何方式损害一国的如 下权利：按其认为必要的方式去强制执行此类法律 以便依据一般利益来控制财产使用，或者保证税收 或其他捐税或罚金的支付。
European Social Charter
European Social Charter (Revised)
Part II
The Parties undertake, as provided for in Part III, to consider themselves bound by the obligations laid down in the following articles and paragraphs.
Part#I.8
Employed women, in case of maternity, have the right to a special protection.
Part#II.8
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right of employed women to the protection of maternity, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.8.1
to provide either by paid leave, by adequate social security benefits or by benefits from public funds for employed women to take leave before and after childbirth up to a total of at least fourteen weeks;
Part#II.11
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to protection of health, the Parties undertake, either directly or in cooperation with public or private organisations, to take appropriate measures designed inter alia:
Part#II.11.1
to remove as far as possible the causes of ill-health;
Part#II.11.2
предоставление услуг консультационного и просветительского характера, направленных на укрепление здоровья и здорового образа жизни и на развитие чувства личной ответственности за свое здоровье;
Part#II.12
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to social security, the Parties undertake:
Part#I.12
All workers and their dependents have the right to social security.
Part#II.12.1
создать или поддерживать систему социального обеспечения
Part#II.12.2
to maintain the social security system at a satisfactory level at least equal to that necessary for the ratification of the European Code of Social Security;
Part#II.12.3
to endeavour to raise progressively the system of social security to a higher level;
Part#II.12.4
to take steps, by the conclusion of appropriate bilateral and multilateral agreements or by other means, and subject to the conditions laid down in such agreements, in order to ensure:
Part#II.12.4.a
equal treatment with their own nationals of the nationals of other Parties in respect of social security rights, including the retention of benefits arising out of social security legislation, whatever movements the persons protected may undertake between the territories of the Parties;
Part#II.12.4.b
the granting, maintenance and resumption of social security rights by such means as the accumulation of insurance or employment periods completed under the legislation of each of the Parties.
Part#II.13
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to social and medical assistance, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.13.1
to ensure that any person who is without adequate resources and who is unable to secure such resources either by his own efforts or from other sources, in particular by benefits under a social security scheme, be granted adequate assistance, and, in case of sickness, the care necessitated by his condition;
Part#II.13.2
to ensure that persons receiving such assistance shall not, for that reason, suffer from a diminution of their political or social rights;
Part#II.13.3
to provide that everyone may receive by appropriate public or private services such advice and personal help as may be required to prevent, to remove, or to alleviate personal or family want;
Part#II.13.4
to apply the provisions referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of this article on an equal footing with their nationals to nationals of other Parties lawfully within their territories, in accordance with their obligations under the European Convention on Social and Medical Assistance, signed at Paris on 11 December 1953.
Part#I.14
Everyone has the right to benefit from social welfare services.
Part#II.14.2
to encourage the participation of individuals and voluntary or other organisations in the establishment and maintenance of such services.
Part#II.16
With a view to ensuring the necessary conditions for the full development of the family, which is a fundamental unit of society, the Parties undertake to promote the economic, legal and social protection of family life by such means as social and family benefits, fiscal arrangements, provision of family housing, benefits for the newly married and other appropriate means.
Part#II.17
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right of children and young persons to grow up in an environment which encourages the full development of their personality and of their physical and mental capacities, the Parties undertake, either directly or in co-operation with public and private organisations, to take all appropriate and necessary measures designed:
Part#II.17.1.a
to ensure that children and young persons, taking account of the rights and duties of their parents, have the care, the assistance, the education and the training they need, in particular by providing for the establishment or maintenance of institutions and services sufficient and adequate for this purpose;
Part#I.30
Everyone has the right to protection against poverty and social exclusion.
Part#II.30
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to protection against poverty and social exclusion, the Parties undertake:
Part#II.30.a
to take measures within the framework of an overall and co-ordinated approach to promote the effective access of persons who live or risk living in a situation of social exclusion or poverty, as well as their families, to, in particular, employment, housing, training, education, culture and social and medical assistance;
Part#I.31
Everyone has the right to housing.
Part#II.31
With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to housing, the Parties undertake to take measures designed:
Part#II.31.1
содействие доступу к жилью, отвечающему должным требованиям;
Part#II.31.2
to prevent and reduce homelessness with a view to its gradual elimination;
Part#II.31.3
to make the price of housing accessible to those without adequate resources.
European Framework Convention on Minorities
Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
4.2
The Parties undertake to adopt, where necessary, adequate measures in order to promote, in all areas of economic, social, political and cultural life, full and effective equality between persons belonging to a national minority and those belonging to the majority. In this respect, they shall take due account of the specific conditions of the persons belonging to national minorities.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
II
All persons are equal before the law and have the rights and duties established in this Declaration, without distinction as to race, sex, language, creed or any other factor.
XI
Every person has the right to the preservation of his health through sanitary and social measures relating to food, clothing, housing and medical care, to the extent permitted by public and community resources
XXIII
Every person has a right to own such private property as meets the essential needs of decent living and helps to maintain the dignity of the individual and of the home.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
1.1
The States Parties to this Convention undertake to respect the rights and freedoms recognized herein and to ensure to all persons subject to their jurisdiction the free and full exercise of those rights and freedoms, without any discrimination for reasons of race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, economic status, birth, or any other social condition.
2
Where the exercise of any of the rights or freedoms referred to in Article 1 is not already ensured by legislative or other provisions, the States Parties undertake to adopt, in accordance with their constitutional processes and the provisions of this Convention, such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to give effect to those rights or freedoms.
21.1
Everyone has the right to the use and enjoyment of his property. The law may subordinate such use and enjoyment to the interest of society.
21.2
No one shall be deprived of his property except upon payment of just compensation, for reasons of public utility or social interest, and in the cases and according to the forms established by law.
21.3
Usury and any other form of exploitation of man by man shall be prohibited by law.
26
The States Parties undertake to adopt measures, both internally and through international cooperation, especially those of an economic and technical nature, with a view to achieving progressively, by legislation or other appropriate means, the full realization of the rights implicit in the economic, social, educational, scientific, and cultural standards set forth in the Charter of the Organization of American States as amended by the Protocol of Buenos Aires.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
3
The State Parties to this Protocol undertake to guarantee the exercise of the rights set forth herein without discrimination of any kind for reasons related to race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, economic status, birth or any other social condition.
9.1
Everyone shall have the right to social security protecting him from the consequences of old age and of disability which prevents him, physically or mentally, from securing the means for a dignified and decent existence. In the event of the death of a beneficiary, social security benefits shall be applied to his dependents.
9.2
In the case of persons who are employed, the right to social security shall cover at least medical care and an allowance or retirement benefit in the case of work accidents or occupational disease and, in the case of women, paid maternity leave before and after childbirth.
10.1
Everyone shall have the right to health, understood to mean the enjoyment of the highest level of physical, mental and social well-being.
10.2
In order to ensure the exercise of the right to health, the States Parties agree to recognize health as a public good and, particularly, to adopt the following measures to ensure that right:
10.2.a
Primary health care, that is, essential health care made available to all individuals and families in the community;
10.2.b
Extension of the benefits of health services to all individuals subject to the State's jurisdiction;
10.2.c
Universal immunization against the principal infectious diseases;
10.2.d
Prevention and treatment of endemic, occupational and other diseases;
10.2.e
Education of the population on the prevention and treatment of health problems,
10.2.f
Satisfaction of the health needs of the highest risk groups and of those whose poverty makes them the most vulnerable.
13.1
Everyone has the right to education.
13.2
The States Parties to this Protocol agree that education should be directed towards the full development of the human personality and human dignity and should strengthen respect for human rights, ideological pluralism, fundamental freedoms, justice and peace. They further agree that education ought to enable everyone to participate effectively in a democratic and pluralistic society and achieve a decent existence and should foster understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations and all racial, ethnic or religious groups and promote activities for the maintenance of peace.
13.3
The States Parties to this Protocol recognize that in order to achieve the full exercise of the right to education:
13.3.a
Primary education should be compulsory and accessible to all without cost;
13.3.b
Secondary education in its different forms, including technical and vocational secondary education, should be made generally available and accessible to all by every appropriate means, and in particular, by the progressive introduction of free education;
13.3.c
Higher education should be made equally accessible to all, on the basis of individual capacity, by every appropriate means, and in particular, by the progressive introduction of free education;
13.3.d
Basic education should be encouraged or intensified as far as possible for those persons who have not received or completed the whole cycle of primary instruction;
13.3.e
Programs of special education should be established for the handicapped, so as to provide special instruction and training to persons with physical disabilities or mental deficiencies.
13.4
In conformity with the domestic legislation of the States Parties, parents should have the right to select the type of education to be given to their children, provided that it conforms to the principles set forth above.
13.5
Nothing in this Protocol shall be interpreted as a restriction of the freedom of individuals and entities to establish and direct educational institutions in accordance with the domestic legislation of the States Parties.
16
Every child, whatever his parentage, has the right to the protection that his status as a minor requires from his family, society and the State. Every child has the right to grow under the protection and responsibility of his parents; save in exceptional, judicially-recognized circumstances, a child of young age ought not to be separated from his mother. Every child has the right to free and compulsory education, at least in the elementary phase, and to continue his training at higher levels of the educational system.
17
Everyone has the right to special protection in old age. With this in view the States Parties agree to take progressively the necessary steps to make this right a reality and, particularly, to:
17.a
Provide suitable facilities, as well as food and specialized medical care, for elderly individuals who lack them and are unable to provide them for themselves;
17.b
Undertake work programs specifically designed to give the elderly the opportunity to engage in a productive activity suited to their abilities and consistent with their vocations or desires;
18
Everyone affected by a diminution of his physical or mental capacities is entitled to receive special attention designed to help him achieve the greatest possible development of his personality. The States Parties agree to adopt such measures as may be necessary for this purpose and, especially, to:
18.a
Undertake programs specifically aimed at providing the handicapped with the resources and environment needed for attaining this goal, including work programs consistent with their possibilities and freely accepted by them or their legal representatives, as the case may be;
18.b
Provide special training to the families of the handicapped in order to help them solve the problems of coexistence and convert them into active agents in the physical, mental and emotional development of the latter;
Inter-American Convention on discrimination against persons with disabilities
Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities
II
The objectives of this Convention are to prevent and eliminate all forms of discrimination against persons with disabilities and to promote their full integration into society.
IV
To achieve the objectives of this Convention, the states parties undertake to:
III
To achieve the objectives of this Convention, the states parties undertake:
III.1
To adopt the legislative, social, educational, labor-related, or any other measures needed to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities and to promote their full integration into society, including, but not limited to:
III.1.a
Measures to eliminate discrimination gradually and to promote integration by government authorities and/or private entities in providing or making available goods, services, facilities, programs, and activities such as employment, transportation, communications, housing, recreation, education, sports, law enforcement and administration of justice, and political and administrative activities;
V.2
The states parties shall create effective communication channels to disseminate among the public and private organizations working with persons with disabilities the normative and juridical advances that may be achieved in order to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities
IV.2
Collaborate effectively in:
IV.2.a
Scientific and technological research related to the prevention of disabilities and to the treatment, rehabilitation, and integration into society of persons with disabilities;
IV.2.b
The development of means and resources designed to facilitate or promote the independence, self-sufficiency, and total integration into society of persons with disabilities, under conditions of equality.
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
2
Every individual shall be entitled to the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms recognized and guaranteed in the present Charter without distinction of any kind such as race, ethnic group, colour, sex, language, religion, political or any other opinion, national and social origin, fortune, birth or other status.
14
The right to property shall be guaranteed. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accordance with the provisions of appropriate laws.
ACRWC
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
1.1
Member States of the Organization of African Unity, Parties to the present Charter shall recognize the rights, freedoms and duties enshrined in this Charter and shall undertake the necessary steps, in accordance with their Constitutional processes and with the provisions of the present Charter, to adopt such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of this Charter.
11.3
State Parties to the present Charter shall take all appropriate measures with a view to achieving the full realization of this right and shall in particular:
11.3.a
provide free and compulsory basic education;
11.3.b
encourage the development of secondary education in its different forms and progressively make it free and accessible to all;
11.3.c
make higher education accessible to all on the basis of capacity and ability by every appropriate means;
11.3.e
take special measures in respect of female, gifted and disadvantaged children, to ensure equal access to education for all sections of the community.
13.1
Every child who is mentally or physically disabled shall have the right to special measures of protection in keeping with his physical and moral needs and under conditions which ensure his dignity, promote his self-reliance and active participation in the community.
13.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall ensure, subject to available resources, to a disabled child and to those responsible for his care, assistance for which application is made and which is appropriate to the child’s condition and in particular shall ensure that the disabled child has effective access to training, preparation for employment and recreation opportunities in a manner conducive to the child achieving the fullest possible social integration, individual development and his/her cultural and moral development.
13.3
The State Parties to the present Charter shall use their available resources with a view to achieving progressively the full convenience of the mentally and physically disabled person to movement and access to public highway buildings and other places to which the disabled may legitimately want to have access to.
14.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall undertake to pursue the full implementation of this right and in particular shall take measures:
14.2.b
to ensure the provision of necessary medical assistance and health care to all children with emphasis on the development of primary health care;
14.2.c
to ensure the provision of adequate nutrition and safe drinking water;
14.2.d
to combat disease and malnutrition within the framework of primary health care through the application of appropriate technology;
14.2.e
to ensure appropriate health care for expectant and nursing mothers;
14.2.f
to develop preventive health care and family life education and provision of service;
14.2.g
to integrate basic health service programmes in national development plans;
14.2.h
to ensure that all sectors of the society, in particular, parents, children, community leaders and community workers are informed and supported in the use of basic knowledge of child health and nutrition, the advantages of breastfeeding, hygiene and environmental sanitation and the prevention of domestic and other accidents;
14.2.i
to ensure the meaningful participation of non-governmental organizations, local communities and the beneficiary population in the planning and management of basic service programmes for children;
14.2.j
to support through technical and financial means, the mobilization of local community resources in the development of primary health care for children.
20.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall in accordance with their means and national conditions take all appropriate measures:
20.2.a
to assist parents and other persons responsible for the child and in case of need, provide material assistance and support programmes particularly with regard to nutrition, health, education, clothing and housing;
20.2.b
to assist parents and others responsible for the child in the performance of child-rearing and ensure the development of institutions responsible for providing care of children;
20.2.c
to ensure that the children of working parents are provided with care services and facilities.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
2.1
States Parties shall combat all forms of discrimination against women through appropriate legislative, institutional and other measures. In this regard they shall:
2.1.a
include in their national constitutions and other legislative instruments, if not already done, the principle of equality between women and men and ensure its effective application;
6
States Parties shall ensure that women and men enjoy equal rights and are regarded as equal partners in marriage. They shall enact appropriate national legislative measures to guarantee that:
6.j
during her marriage, a woman shall have the right to acquire her own property and to administer and manage it freely.
7
States Parties shall enact appropriate legislation to ensure that women and men enjoy the same rights in case of separation, divorce or annulment of marriage. In this regard, they shall ensure that:
7.d
in case of separation, divorce or annulment of marriage, women and men shall have the right to an equitable sharing of the joint property deriving from the marriage;
12.1
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
12.1.a
eliminate all forms of discrimination against women and guarantee equal opportunity and access in the sphere of education and training;
13
States Parties shall adopt and enforce legislative and other measures to guarantee women equal opportunities in work and career advancement and other economic opportunities. In this respect, they shall:
13.f
establish a system of protection and social insurance for women working in the informal sector and sensitise them to adhere to it;
14.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
14.2.a
provide adequate, affordable and accessible health services, including information, education and communication programmes to women especially those in rural areas;
14.2.b
establish and strengthen existing pre-natal, delivery and post-natal health and nutritional services for women during pregnancy and while they are breast-feeding;
15
States Parties shall ensure that women have the right to nutritious and adequate food. In this regard, they shall take appropriate measures to:
15.a
provide women with access to clean drinking water, sources of domestic fuel, land, and the means of producing nutritious food;
15.b
establish adequate systems of supply and storage to ensure food security
16
Women shall have the right to equal access to housing and to acceptable living conditions in a healthy environment. To ensure this right, States Parties shall grant to women, whatever their marital status, access to adequate housing.
18.1
Women shall have the right to live in a healthy and sustainable environment.
18.2
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
18.2.a
ensure greater participation of women in the planning, management and preservation of the environment and the sustainable use of natural resources at all levels;
18.2.c
protect and enable the development of women’s indigenous knowledge systems;
19
Women shall have the right to fully enjoy their right to sustainable development. In this connection, the States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to:
19.c
promote women’s access to and control over productive resources such as land and guarantee their right to property;
19.d
promote women’s access to credit, training, skills development and extension services at rural and urban levels in order to provide women with a higher quality of life and reduce the level of poverty among women;
21.1
A widow shall have the right to an equitable share in the inheritance of the property of her husband. A widow shall have the right to continue to live in the matrimonial house. In case of remarriage, she shall retain this right if the house belongs to her or she has inherited it.
21.2
Women and men shall have the right to inherit, in equitable shares, their parents' properties
23
The States Parties undertake to:
23.a
ensure the protection of women with disabilities and take specific measures commensurate with their physical, economic and social needs to facilitate their access to employment, professional and vocational training as well as their participation in decision-making;
24
The States Parties undertake to:
24.a
ensure the protection of poor women and women heads of families including women from marginalized population groups and provide an environment suitable to their condition and their special physical, economic and social needs;
CBD
Convention on Biological Diversity
8
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
8.j
Subject to its national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices;
10
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
10 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
10.c
Protect and encourage customary use of biological resources in accordance with traditional cultural practices that are compatible with conservation or sustainable use requirements;
10 Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
10.d
Support local populations to develop and implement remedial action in degraded areas where biological diversity has been reduced;
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
10.3.c
酌情建立和／或加强粮食安全系统包括储存和销售设施，尤其是在农村地区；
10.4
考虑到各个受影响国家缔约方有其具体的情况和要求，国家行动方案，除其他外，酌情 包括下列某些或所有涉及在受影响地区防治荒漠化和缓解干旱影响、涉及其人口的优先领 域措施：提倡另谋生计并改善国家经济环境，以争取加强消灭贫困方案，加强粮食保障； 人口动态；以可持续方式管理自然资源；实行可持续的农业方式；开发和高效率地使用各 种能源；体制和法律框架；加强评估和系统观察能力包括水文和气象服务以及能力建设、 教育和公众意识。
16
The Parties agree, according to their respective capabilities, to integrate and coordinate the collection, analysis and exchange of relevant short term and long term data and information to ensure systematic observation of land degradation in affected areas and to understand better and assess the processes and effects of drought and desertification. This would help accomplish, inter alia, early warning and advance planning for periods of adverse climatic variation in a form suited for practical application by users at all levels, including especially local populations. To this end, they shall, as appropriate:
16.g
缔约方同意根据各自能力综合和协调有关长、短期数据及信息的收集、分析和交流工作， 确保有系统地观察受影响地区土地退化情况，更好地了解和评价干旱和荒漠化的过程和影 响。除其他外，这将可以用适合所有各级用户，包括尤其是以当地群众能够实际应用的形 式，对不利的气候变异时期提供早期预警和先期规划。为此，它们应酌情：
17.1
缔约方承诺根据自己的能力通过适当的国家、分区域、区域和国际机构促进防治荒漠化 和缓解干旱影响领域内的技术和科学合作。为此，它们应支持研究活动，这些研究活动：
17.1.c
保护、综合、增进和验证传统的和当地的知识、诀窃和做法，在符合各自国家立法 和／或政策的前提下确保拥有这种知识的人能以平等、相互商定的条件从这些知识的 商业利用或从这些知识所带来的技术发展直接获益；
19.1
缔约方确认，能力建设——即所谓机构建设、培训和有关本地和本国能力的发展——对防 治荒漠化和缓解干旱影响各种努力具有重要意义。缔约方应酌情以下列方式促进能力的建设：
19.1.c
建立和／或加强支助和推广服务，更有效地传播有关工艺方法和技术，培训实地工作 人员和农村组织成员，采取群众参与的方法，以保护和可持续地使用自然资源；
19.1.d
尽可能地促进在技术合作方案中利用和传播当地人民的知识、诀窃和做法；
19.1.e
بواسطة القيام، حيثما يلزم ذلك، بتكييف التكنولوجيا والأساليب التقليدية السليمة بيئيا ذات الصلة في الزراعة والنشاط الرعوي مبا يتناسب مع الأوضاع الاجتماعية - الاقتصادية احلديثة؛
19.1.f
提供适当的培训和技术，利用替代能源，尤其是可再生能源，以期特别是减少燃料方 面对木柴的依赖；
19.1.h
以创新的方式促进另谋生计，包括新技能的培训；
1.5

到2030年，增强穷人和弱势群体的抵御灾害能力，降低其遭受极端天气事件和其他经济、社会、环境冲击和灾害的概率和易受影响程度。

Indicators
1.5.1
每10万人当中因灾害死亡、失踪和直接受影响的人数
1.5.2
灾害造成的直接经济损失与全球国内生产总值相比
1.5.3
依照《2015-2030年仙台减少灾害风险框架》通过和执行国家减少灾害风险战略的国家数目
1.5.4
依照国家减少灾害风险战略通过和执行地方减少灾害风险战略的地方政府比例
 UDHR
世界人权宣言
3
人人有权享有生命、自由和人身安全。
ICCPR
公民权利和政治权利国际公约
6.1
人人有固有的生命权。这个权利应受法律保护。不得任意剥夺任何人的生命。
ICESCR
经济、社会和文化权利国际公约
12.2 本公约缔约各国为充分实现这一权利而采取的步骤应包括为达到下列目标所需的步骤：
12.2.b
改善环境卫生和工业卫生的各个方面；
CRPD
残疾人权利公约
10
缔约国重申人人享有固有的生命权，并应当采取一切必要措施，确保残疾人在与其他人平等的基础上切实享有这一权利。
11
缔约国应当依照国际法包括国际人道主义法和国际人权法规定的义务，采取一切必要措施，确保在危难情况下，包括在发生武装冲突、人道主义紧急情况和自然灾害时，残疾人获得保护和安全。
ICRMW
保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约
9
移徙工人及其家庭成员的生命权应受法律保护。
DEVAW
消除对妇女暴力宣言
3 妇女有权在政治、经济、社会、文化、公民或其他任何领域平等享有所有人权和基本自由，这些人权和自由应受到保护，这些权利尤其包括：
3.a
生命权利
Escazú Agreement
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean
1
The objective of the present Agreement is to guarantee the full and effective implementation in Latin America and the Caribbean of the rights of access to environmental information, public participation in the environmental decision-making process and access to justice in environmental matters, and the creation and strengthening of capacities and cooperation, contributing to the protection of the right of every person of present and future generations to live in a healthy environment and to sustainable development.
4.1
Each Party shall guarantee the right of every person to live in a healthy environment and any other universally-recognized human right related to the present Agreement.
5.2
The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.a
requesting and receiving information from competent authorities without mentioning any special interest or explaining the reasons for the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.b
being informed promptly whether the requested information is in possession or not of the competent authority receiving the request;
5.2 The exercise of the right of access to environmental information includes:
5.2.c
being informed of the right to challenge and appeal when information is not delivered, and of the requirements for exercising this right.
5.3
Each Party shall facilitate access to environmental information for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, establishing procedures for the provision of assistance, from the formulation of requests through to the delivery of the information, taking into account their conditions and specificities, for the purpose of promoting access and participation under equal conditions.
5.4
Each Party shall guarantee that the above-mentioned persons or groups in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples and ethnic groups, receive assistance in preparing their requests and obtain a response.
6.4
Each Party shall take steps to establish a pollutant release and transfer register covering air, water, soil and subsoil pollutants, as well as materials and waste in its jurisdiction. This register will be established progressively and updated periodically.
6.5
Each Party shall guarantee that in the case of an imminent threat to public health or the environment, the relevant competent authority shall immediately disclose and disseminate through the most effective means all pertinent information in its possession that could help the public take measures to prevent or limit potential damage. Each Party shall develop and implement an early warning system using available mechanisms.
6.6
In order to facilitate access by persons or groups in vulnerable situations to information that particularly affects them, each Party shall endeavour, where applicable, to ensure that the competent authorities disseminate environmental information in the various languages used in the country, and prepare alternative formats that are comprehensible to those groups, using suitable channels of communication.
7.2
Each Party shall guarantee mechanisms for the participation of the public in decision-making processes, revisions, re-examinations or updates with respect to projects and activities, and in other processes for granting environmental permits that have or may have a significant impact on the environment, including when they may affect health.
7.3
Each Party shall promote the participation of the public in decision-making processes, revisions, re-examinations or updates other than those referred to in paragraph 2 of the present article with respect to environmental matters of public interest, such as land-use planning, policies, strategies, plans, programmes, rules and regulations, which have or may have a significant impact on the environment.
7.4
Each Party shall adopt measures to ensure that the public can participate in the decision-making process from the early stages, so that due consideration can be given to the observations of the public, thus contributing to the process. To that effect, each Party shall provide the public with the necessary information in a clear, timely and comprehensive manner, to give effect to its right to participate in the decision-making process.
7.14
The public authorities shall make efforts to identify and support persons or groups in vulnerable situations in order to engage them in an active, timely and effective manner in participation mechanisms. For these purposes, appropriate means and formats will be considered, in order to eliminate barriers to participation.
7.15
In the implementation of the present Agreement, each Party shall guarantee that its domestic legislation and international obligations in relation to the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities are observed.
7.16
The public authority shall make efforts to identify the public directly affected by the projects or activities that have or may have a significant impact on the environment and shall promote specific actions to facilitate their participation.
10.2
Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.a
train authorities and civil servants on environmental access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.b
develop and strengthen environmental law and access rights awareness-raising and capacity-building programmes for, inter alia, the public, judicial and administrative officials, national human rights institutions and jurists;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.c
provide the competent institutions and entities with adequate equipment and resources;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.d
promote education and training on, and raise public awareness of, environmental matters, through, inter alia, basic educational modules on access rights for students at all levels of education;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.e
develop specific measures for persons or groups in vulnerable situations, such as providing interpreters or translators in languages other than official languages when necessary;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.f
acknowledge the importance of associations, organizations or groups that train the public on or raise public awareness of access rights;
10.2 Each Party, in line with its capacities, may take, inter alia, the following measures:
10.2.g
strengthen capabilities to collect, retain and evaluate environmental information.
ADRDM
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man
I
Every human being has the right to life, liberty and the security of his person.
ACHR
American Convention on Human Rights
4.1
Every person has the right to have his life respected. This right shall be protected by law and, in general, from the moment of conception. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life.
Protocol of San Salvador
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural rights (Protocol of San Salvador)
11.1
Everyone shall have the right to live in a healthy environment and to have access to basic public services.
11.2
The States Parties shall promote the protection, preservation, and improvement of the environment.
Inter-American Convention on discrimination against persons with disabilities
Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities
III
To achieve the objectives of this Convention, the states parties undertake:
II
The objectives of this Convention are to prevent and eliminate all forms of discrimination against persons with disabilities and to promote their full integration into society.
III.1
To adopt the legislative, social, educational, labor-related, or any other measures needed to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities and to promote their full integration into society, including, but not limited to:
III.1.a
Measures to eliminate discrimination gradually and to promote integration by government authorities and/or private entities in providing or making available goods, services, facilities, programs, and activities such as employment, transportation, communications, housing, recreation, education, sports, law enforcement and administration of justice, and political and administrative activities;
III.2
To work on a priority basis in the following areas:
III.2.a
Prevention of all forms of preventable disabilities;
Convention of Belém do Pará
Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against Women
4
Every woman has the right to the recognition, enjoyment, exercise and protection of all human rights and freedoms embodied in regional and international human rights instruments. These rights include, among others:
4.a
The right to have her life respected;
ACHPR
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
4
Human beings are inviolable. Every human being shall be entitled to respect for his life and the integrity of his person. No one may be arbitrarily deprived of this right.
24
All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development.
ACRWC
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
5.1
Every child has an inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law.
5.2
State Parties to the present Charter shall ensure, to the maximum extent possible, the survival, protection and development of the child.
Maputo Protocol
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa
4.1
Every woman shall be entitled to respect for her life and the integrity and security of her person. All forms of exploitation, cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment and treatment shall be prohibited.
18.1
Women shall have the right to live in a healthy and sustainable environment.
24
The States Parties undertake to:
24.a
ensure the protection of poor women and women heads of families including women from marginalized population groups and provide an environment suitable to their condition and their special physical, economic and social needs;
联合国气候变化框架公约
联合国气候变化框架公约
2
本公约以及缔约方会议可能通过的任何相关法律文书的最终目标是：根据本公约的各项有关规定，将大气中温室气体的浓度稳定在防止气候系统受到危险的人为干扰的水平上。这一水平应当在足以使生态系统能够自然地适应气候变化、确保粮食生产免受威胁并使经济发展能够可持续地进行的时间范围内实现。
3
各缔约方在为实现本公约的目标和履行其各项规定而采取行动时，除其他 外，应以下列作为指导：
3.3
各缔约方应当采取预防措施，预测、防止或尽量减少引起气候变化的原因，并缓解其不利影响。当存在造成严重或不可逆转的损害的威胁时，不应当以科学上没有完全的确定性为理由推迟采取这类措施，同时考虑到应付气候变化的政策和措施应当讲求成本效益，确保以尽可能最低的费用获得全球效益。为此，这种政策和措施应当考虑到不同的社会经济情况，并且应当具有全面性，包括所有有关的温室气体源、汇和库及适应措施，并涵盖所有经济部门。应付气候变化的努力可由有关的缔约方合作进行。
3.4
各缔约方有权并且应当促进可持续的发展。保护气候系统免遭人为变化的政策和措施应当适合每个缔约方的具体情况，并应当结合到国家的发展计划中去，同时考虑到经济发展对于采取措施应付气候变化是至关重要的。
4.1
All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, shall:
4.1.b
制订、执行、公布和经常地更新国家的以及在适当情况下区域的计 划，其中包含从《蒙特利尔议定书》未予管制的所有温室气体的源的人为排放和 汇的清除来着手减缓气候变化的措施，以及便利充分地适应气候变化的措施；
巴黎协 定
巴黎协 定
2.1
本协定在加强《公约》，包括其目标的履行方面，旨在联系可持续发展和消除贫困的努力，加强对气候变化威胁的全球应对，包括：
2.1.a
把全球平均气温升幅控制在工业化前水平以上低于2°C之内，并努力将气温升幅限制在工业化前水平以上1.5°C之内，同时认识到这将大大减少气候变化的风险和影响；
2.1.b
提高适应气候变化不利影响的能力并以不威胁粮食生产的方式增强气候复原力和温室气体低排放发展；并
2.1.c
使资金流动符合温室气体低排放和气候适应型发展的路径。
4.1
为了实现第二条规定的长期气温目标，締约方旨在尽快迖到温室气体排放的全球峰值，同时认识到迖峰对发展中国家締约方来说需要更长的时间；此后利用现有的最佳科学迅速减排，以联系可持续发展和消除贫困，在公平的基础上，在本世纪下半叶实现温室气体源的人为排放与汇的清除之间的平衡。
7.1
締约方兹确立关于提高适应能力、加强复原力和减少对气候变化的脆弱性的全球适应目标，以促进可持续发展，并确保在第二条所述气温目标方面采取充分的适应对策。
7.2
缔约方认识到，适应是所有各方面临的全球挑战，具有地方、次国家、国家、区域和国际层面，它是为保护人民、生计和生态系统而采取的气候变化长期全球应对措施的关键组成部分和促进因素，同时也要考虑到特别易受气候变化不利影响的发展中国家迫在眉睫的需要。
7.5
締约方承认，适应行动应当遵循一种国家驱动、注重性别问题、参与型和充分透明的方法，同时考虑到脆弱群体、社区和生态系统，并应当基于和遵循现有的最佳科学，以及适当的传统知识、土著人民的知识和地方知识系统，以期将适应酌情纳入相关的社会经济和环境政策以及行动中。
7.9
各缔约方应酌情开展适应规划进程并采取各种行动，包括制订或加强相关的计划、政策和/或贡献，其中可包括：
7.9.a
落实适应行动、任务和/或努力；
7.9.b
процесс формулирования и осуществления национальных планов в области адаптации
7.9.c
评估气候变化影响和脆弱性，以拟订国家自主决定的优先行动，同时考虑到处于脆弱地位的人、地方和生态系统；
7.9.d
监测和评价适应计划、政策、方案和行动并从中学习；并
7.9.e
建设社会经济和生态系统的复原力，包括通过经济多样化和自然资源的可持续管理。
8.1
締约方认识到避免、尽量减轻和处理与气候变化（包括极端气候事件和缓发事件)不利影响相关的损失和损害的重要性，以及可持续发展对于减少损失和损害风险的作用。
8.4
据此，为加强理解、行动和支持而开展合作和提供便利的领域可包括以下方面：
8.4.a
системы раннего предупреждения
8.4.b
готовность к чрезвычайным ситуациям
8.4.c
медленно протекающие явления
8.4.d
可能涉及不可逆转和永久性损失和损害的事件；
8.4.e
комплексную оценку и управление риском
8.4.f
风险保险机制，气候风险分担安排和其他保险方案；
8.4.g
неэкономические потери
8.4.h
社区、生计和生态系统的复原力。
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
联合国关于在发生严重干旱和或荒漠化 的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化的公约
3
为实现本《公约》的目标和履行本《公约》各项规定，缔约方除其他外应以下列为指导：
3.a
缔约方应当确保群众和地方社区参与关于防治荒漠化和／或缓解干旱影响的方案的设计和实施决策，并在较高各级为便利国家和地方两级采取行动创造一种扶持环境；
4.2
为实现本《公约》的目标，缔约方应：
4.2.a
采取综合办法，处理荒漠化和干旱过程中的自然、生物和社会经济因素；
4.2.c
интегрируют стратегии, направленные на искоренение нищеты, в усилия п о борьбе с опустыниванием и смягчению последствий засухи;
5
除根据第四条应承担的义务之外，受影响国家缔约方承诺：
5.c
рассматривать вопросы устранения причин, лежащих в основе опустынивания и уделять особое внимание социально - экономическим факторам, способствующим развитию процессов опустынивания;
10.2
国家行动方案应当明确指出政府、地方社区和土地使用者各自的作用，同时确定可得到 的和需要的资源。国家行动方案除其他外应：

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