Goals, targets and indicators

Goal description	Target	Description	Indicator
11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.	11.7	By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities.	11.7.2 Proportion of persons victim of physical or sexual harassment, by sex, age, disability status and place of occurrence, in the previous 12 months
	11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.	11.a	Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning.	11.a.1 Number of countries that have national urban policies or regional development plans that (a) respond to population dynamics; (b) ensure balanced territorial development; and (c) increase local fiscal space
	11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.	11.b	By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels.	11.b.1 Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030
	11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.	11.b	11.b	By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels.	11.b.2 Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
	11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.	11.c	Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials.	11.c.1 Proportion of financial support to the least developed countries that is allocated to the construction and retrofitting of sustainable, resilient and resource-efficient buildings utilizing local materials
12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.1	Implement the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries.	12.1.1 Number of countries developing, adopting or implementing policy instruments aimed at supporting the shift to sustainable consumption and production
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.2	By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources.	12.2.1 Material footprint, material footprint per capita and material footprint per GDP
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.2	12.2	By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources.	12.2.2 Domestic material consumption, domestic material consumption per capita, and domestic material consumption per GDP
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.3	By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses.	12.3.1 (a) Food loss index and (b) food waste index
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.4	By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment.	12.4.1 Number of Parties to international multilateral environmental agreements on hazardous, and other chemicals that meet their commitments and obligations in transmitting information as required by each relevant agreement
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.4	12.4	By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment.	12.4.2 (a) Hazardous waste generated per capita; and (b) proportion of hazardous waste treated, by type of treatment
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.5	By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse.	12.5.1 National recycling rate, tons of material recycled
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.6	Encourage companies, especially large and transnational companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle.	12.6.1 Number of companies publishing sustainability reports
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.7	Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities.	12.7.1 Degree of sustainable public procurement policies and action plan implementation
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.8	By 2030, ensure that people everywhere have the relevant information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with nature.	12.8.1 Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development (including climate change education) are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher education; and (d) student assessment
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.a	Support developing countries to strengthen their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production.	12.a.1 Installed renewable energy-generating capacity in developing countries (in watts per capita)
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.b	Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.	12.b.1 Implementation of standard accounting tools to monitor the economic and environmental aspects of tourism sustainability
	12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.	12.c	Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their environmental impacts, taking fully into account their specific needs and conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities.	12.c.1 Amount of fossil-fuel subsidies per unit of GDP (production and consumption)
13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.1	Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries.	13.1.1 Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
		13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.1	Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries.	13.1.2 Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030
		13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.1	Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries.	13.1.3 Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
	13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.2	Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning.	13.2.1 Number of countries with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans, strategies as reported in adaptation communications and national communications
	13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.2	13.2	Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning.	13.2.2 Total greenhouse gas emissions per year
	13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.3	Improve education, awareness- raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning.	13.3.1 Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher education; and (d) student assessment
	13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.a	Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate fund through its capitalization as soon as possible.	13.a.1 Amounts provided and mobilized in United States dollars per year in relation to the continued existing collective mobilization goal of the $100 billion commitment through to 2025
	13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.	13.b	Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities.	13.b.1 Number of least developed countries and small island developing States with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans, strategies as reported in adaptation communications and national communications
14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.1	By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution.	14.1.1 (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.2	By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans.	14.2.1 Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.3	Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels.	14.3.1 Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.4	By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science- based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics.	14.4.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.5	By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information.	14.5.1 Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.6	By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation.	14.6.1 Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.7	By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism.	14.7.1 Sustainable fisheries as a percentage of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.a	Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries.	14.a.1 Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.b	Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets.	14.b.1 Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries
	14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.	14.c	Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want”	14.c.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources
15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.1	By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements.	15.1.1 Forest area as a proportion of total land area
	15.1	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.1	By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements.	15.1.2 Proportion of important sites for terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity that are covered by protected areas, by ecosystem type
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.2	By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally.	15.2.1 Progress towards sustainable forest management
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.3	By 2020, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land- degradation-neutral world.	15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.4	By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development.	15.4.1 Coverage by protected areas of important sites for mountain biodiversity
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.4	15.4	By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development.	15.4.2 Mountain Green Cover Index
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.5	Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity, and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species.	15.5.1 Red List Index
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.6	Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed.	15.6.1 Number of countries that have adopted legislative, administrative and policy frameworks to ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.7	Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products.	15.7.1 Proportion of traded wildlife that was poached or illicitly trafficked
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.8	By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species.	15.8.1 Proportion of countries adopting relevant national legislation and adequately resourcing the prevention or control of invasive alien species
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.9	By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts.	15.9.1 (a) Number of countries that have established national targets in accordance with or similar to Aichi Biodiversity Target 2 of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 in their national biodiversity strategy and action plans and the progress reported towards these targets; and (b) integration of biodiversity into national accounting and reporting systems, defined as implementation of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.a	Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainable use biodiversity and ecosystems.	15.a.1 (a) Official development assistance on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; and (b) revenue generated and finance mobilized from biodiversity-relevant economic instruments
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.b	Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including for conservation and reforestation.	15.b.1 (a) Official development assistance on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; and (b) revenue generated and finance mobilized from biodiversity-relevant economic instruments
	15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.	15.c	Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities.	15.c.1 Proportion of traded wildlife that was poached or illicitly trafficked

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The Human Rights Guide to the SDGs